There are three types of muscles in the human body: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and skeletal muscle. For the purpose of our lab we will be focusing only on skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is the only voluntary muscle tissue found in the human body. They're attached to bones by tendons and are responsible for all the movements that are consciously controlled such as writing, walking, running, etc. [1].…
These muscle fibers are composed of myofibrils, which not only give the muscle its striated appearance but also are also composed of contractile proteins known as actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments). Each actin protein has a binding site for myosin, which is regulated by two proteins known as Tropomyosin and Troponin. Both of these regulator proteins inhibit the binding of myosin to actin by overlapping the binding sites in a confirmation that could be described as a ribbon (Tropomyosin) and a thumbtack (Troponin). Each skeletal muscle is then divided and encapsulated by three difference layers of connective tissue. The first of these layers enclosed the whole skeletal muscle and is known as the epimysium, the second layer of connective tissue called the perimysium encloses each fascicle and finally the last layer of connective tissue which encapsulates each muscle fiber, which is known as the…
Is it important to understand the structure of our muscles? And if so how could this improve the results of our muscle exercise routine? One wise thing to do when deciding the muscles exercise technique we are going to adopt is to find out the type of structure a muscle is made of, muscles as we know are formed by either a slow-contract structure or a fast-contract structure, for example a muscle made of high level of slow-contracts structure reacts more favorably to high repetitions, so high level of slow-contracts structured muscles are more adequately trained in the 15 or over repetitions to allow the muscle to be enough time under pressure. Fast-contracts structured muscles are more adequately trained in the 6 to 12 repetitions.…
Middle: spinous process of 7C and T1-T3 Lower: Spinous process of T4-T12 Insertion: Upper: Posterior aspect of the lateral clavicle. Middle: Medial border if the acromion process and the upper boarder of the acromion Lower: Base of the scapular spine.…
Hi Everyone. Instructor Murphy did an excellent job of describing the skeletal system in more detail for us in her recent post. I though it would be fun to talk about some of the different types of fractures that can occur. Simple fractures or closed fractures occur when a bone breaks without breaking through the skin.…
The skeletal muscle system is made of many skeletal muscle fibers which have at least one neuromuscular junction. A neuromuscular junction is the area of the skeletal muscle fiber that is innervated by a motor neuron (motor nerve). It plays a key role in body movement and breathing along with our nervous system. The synaptic knob, motor end plate, and the synaptic cleft are all key parts of the neuromuscular junction. The synaptic knob of an axon connects with a skeletal muscle fiber to form the neuromuscular junction.…
Introduction Some people believe that we have only one type of muscle in our bodies that help us with all different types of tasks, however; not only do our bodies have different muscle types, they also contain different muscle fibers that are used for different activities. Skeletal muscle contain three types of muscle fibers: slow twitch, fast twitch oxidative, and fast twitch glycolytic. Most muscles in our bodies have different combinations of these muscle fibers, although our body recruits different muscle fibers for different activities. The first muscle fiber to be recruited are slow twitch fibers, are also known as Type I. “Slow twitch muscle fibers are the smallest in diameter, contain the least amount of actin and myosin, and allow…
It contractions of the heart consist of the heart taking blood out of the heart and then relaxes to fill the heart back up with blood (Martini & Nath,2014 p.689-692). Each cardiac muscle fiber is made up of a single nucleus that has the appearance of striated or striped. The appearance is light and dark bands. Dark bands are made up of thick protein filaments that are produced by myosin proteins.…
Each molecule is described as being “shaped like two golf clubs twisted together” (Tortora and Derrickon, 2011), with the tail facing the M line that appears at the centre of the sarcomere. Actin is thinner and its molecules come together in a twisted helix shape to form the thin filaments that come from the Z disc of the sarcomere. What is important to note here is that every actin molecule has its own myosin binding site. This means that the myosin heads, the “golf club” like structures depicted earlier, can attach themselves to the actin – it is this action that causes muscle contraction as we shall see.…
By looking at the fetal pig and its muscle structure, researchers and individuals are able to gain a better understanding of what human muscles look like, where they are located, and how they function. The muscles that were labeled in the dissection are important factors in the movement of the individual. The muscles work together though antagonism. Antagonism works when one muscle, such as the extensor carpi radialis contracts, and the flexor carpi radialis relaxes, allowing the hand to extend. These muscles are attached to each other by ligaments.…
The bundles of muscle fibers begin to weaken and not work properly until there is a total absence of dystrophin in the muscle cells, which…
Nevertheless, Dauty and Collon (2011) confirm the hamstring muscle complex is three times weaker than the myotendinous junction, suggesting it is likely to rupture before the tendon. This is because there is relatively poor expression of myosin within the muscle fibres, due to its composition of type III collagen and protein level, allowing the myotendinous junction to withstand myofibril regeneration (Garett,…
The human body is composed of muscle which are responsible for body movement. Muscles in found in the human body attach to the bones of the skeletal system, in a human body there are “700 individual muscles that make up part of a person’s weight and the muscular system. Each of these muscles are separate organ which are made up of skeletal tissues, nerves, blood vessels and muscle tissues. Muscle tissues are found throughout the human body, inside the heart, the blood vessels and the digestive organs. There are three type of muscle tissue found in the human body, smooth, cardiac and the skeletal muscle tissue.…
Evaluate how the name of a muscle can distinguish its location, action, shape, and function. Select five different muscles to make this distinction. Depending on the anatomical position of the body part, certain prefixes, and suffixes are utilized in order to find its location verbally. These prefixes and suffixes can be described by the: size of the muscle, location of the muscles, direction of the muscle fibers, amount of origins, shape of a muscle, and location of a muscle origin/insertion.…