Salmonella is bacteria that may cause an infection in your gut known as salmonellosis. It is a genus of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria. There are two common species of Salmonella, Salmonella bongori and Salmonella enterica. Salmonella enterica has two common sub-strains, Enteritidis and Typhi which are contracted by animals and humans respectively. People who get infected with salmonella are sick for five to seven days. If not treated properly and immediately, the person may become hospitalized. Death is rare to those who are healthy. The young, the old and the ill may be at higher risk. “Salmonella” was named after Daniel Elmer Salmon, a veterinary pathologist who managed The U.S. Department of Agriculture microorganism program in the 1800's. Daniel Salmon discovered Salmonella in hogs that relent the disease known as hog cholera. Salmonella can be caught when food is not being handled properly, in unsanitary conditions.
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Food can also be contaminated when the handler’s hands are not properly washed after using the restroom or dealing with animal feces. Wild rodents, reptiles, and baby birds have a high chance of carrying Salmonella. If someone is dealing with these animals, they should properly sanitize their hands. Food such as eggs, beef, milk, and poultry can have Salmonella. The foods that are contaminated will look no different than the food that are not contaminated. Salmonella germs are resilient in the environment. Salmonella can last 5-6 months in dirty water and feces. Salmonella reproduce at room temperatures in damp environments. Infection occurs when a person eats contaminated food or drinks infected water. The Salmonella invades the intestinal wall, where inflammation begins. The Salmonella also starts producing irritating intestinal toxins. In a few cases, the Salmonella may enter the bloodstream and stay in tissues/organs away from the gut. Once someone has been infected with the Salmonella bacteria, it takes about 8 to 48 hours for symptoms to begin. Some Symptoms of Salmonella include: chills, muscle aches, fever, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Young children will typically have a severe reaction to food contaminated with Salmonella. Children under 5 years of age have a higher chance of having the bacteria spread into their bloodstream and cause severe problems. Infants who are not breastfed may be at higher risk of a Salmonella infection. The more dangerous and rare form of Salmonella, Salmonella enterica typhi (S. typhi), is also known as typhoid fever. According to www.medicaldaily.com, “typhoid fever, is one of the oldest documented diseases known to have afflicted mankind.” Salmonella Typhi was originally isolated by Karl J. Erberth in 1880. Typhi is found primarily in humans, and is not known to infect animals. Currently, there are approximately 107 strains of typhi, many of which have varying metabolic characteristics, levels of virulence, and multi-drug resistance genes. However, the reason for its lethality was not discovered until recently. Typhi, like its less dangerous counterpart, can infect several organs, specifically the lymphatic tissues of the liver, small intestine, spleen, and/or blood. Typhoid fever is characterized by the sudden onset of a sustained and systemic fever, nausea, headache, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea, enlargement of the spleen, and the possibility of developing meningitis. There is currently no cure for typhoid, but it can be managed by a myriad of antibiotics, as it is a bacterial infection. According to www.customessaymeister.com “three vaccines are currently available in Australia. The oral vaccine and Vi antigen injectable vaccine generally cause fewer adverse reactions than the heat-inactivated injectable vaccine. All are about equally effective. Vaccination does not offer full protection from infection. Specific antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, ampicillin or ciprofloxacin are often used to treat cases of typhoid. As severe as it sounds, it is only dangerous when left untreated (Up to 30% mortality). typhi can produce and excrete and protein known as “invasin” that allows non-phagocytic to take up the bacterium. This gives typhi an effective way to hide from our immune system, living intracellularly. “ According to the Mayo Clinic, “typhoid patients, in their first week after infection, experience fevers, loss of appetite, rashes, and weakness. In the second week, they continue to have a fever, lose much weight, and face diarrhea or constipation. In the third week, they enter what is known as "typhoid state"
Food can also be contaminated when the handler’s hands are not properly washed after using the restroom or dealing with animal feces. Wild rodents, reptiles, and baby birds have a high chance of carrying Salmonella. If someone is dealing with these animals, they should properly sanitize their hands. Food such as eggs, beef, milk, and poultry can have Salmonella. The foods that are contaminated will look no different than the food that are not contaminated. Salmonella germs are resilient in the environment. Salmonella can last 5-6 months in dirty water and feces. Salmonella reproduce at room temperatures in damp environments. Infection occurs when a person eats contaminated food or drinks infected water. The Salmonella invades the intestinal wall, where inflammation begins. The Salmonella also starts producing irritating intestinal toxins. In a few cases, the Salmonella may enter the bloodstream and stay in tissues/organs away from the gut. Once someone has been infected with the Salmonella bacteria, it takes about 8 to 48 hours for symptoms to begin. Some Symptoms of Salmonella include: chills, muscle aches, fever, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Young children will typically have a severe reaction to food contaminated with Salmonella. Children under 5 years of age have a higher chance of having the bacteria spread into their bloodstream and cause severe problems. Infants who are not breastfed may be at higher risk of a Salmonella infection. The more dangerous and rare form of Salmonella, Salmonella enterica typhi (S. typhi), is also known as typhoid fever. According to www.medicaldaily.com, “typhoid fever, is one of the oldest documented diseases known to have afflicted mankind.” Salmonella Typhi was originally isolated by Karl J. Erberth in 1880. Typhi is found primarily in humans, and is not known to infect animals. Currently, there are approximately 107 strains of typhi, many of which have varying metabolic characteristics, levels of virulence, and multi-drug resistance genes. However, the reason for its lethality was not discovered until recently. Typhi, like its less dangerous counterpart, can infect several organs, specifically the lymphatic tissues of the liver, small intestine, spleen, and/or blood. Typhoid fever is characterized by the sudden onset of a sustained and systemic fever, nausea, headache, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea, enlargement of the spleen, and the possibility of developing meningitis. There is currently no cure for typhoid, but it can be managed by a myriad of antibiotics, as it is a bacterial infection. According to www.customessaymeister.com “three vaccines are currently available in Australia. The oral vaccine and Vi antigen injectable vaccine generally cause fewer adverse reactions than the heat-inactivated injectable vaccine. All are about equally effective. Vaccination does not offer full protection from infection. Specific antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, ampicillin or ciprofloxacin are often used to treat cases of typhoid. As severe as it sounds, it is only dangerous when left untreated (Up to 30% mortality). typhi can produce and excrete and protein known as “invasin” that allows non-phagocytic to take up the bacterium. This gives typhi an effective way to hide from our immune system, living intracellularly. “ According to the Mayo Clinic, “typhoid patients, in their first week after infection, experience fevers, loss of appetite, rashes, and weakness. In the second week, they continue to have a fever, lose much weight, and face diarrhea or constipation. In the third week, they enter what is known as "typhoid state"