After news of the massacre had spread, Antionous’s father, Eupithes, persuades the families of the suitors to murder Odysseus in order to avenge their children. However, Athena intervenes by killing Eupithes and removing the memory of the massacre from the families. Athena goes this far to protect Odysseus because the reason for Eupithes malice was unjust. When comparing the rationale for vengeance, Odysseus killed the suitors because they disrespected him and his property while Eupithes only wanted to kill Odysseus for killing his son. Although both were acts of vengeance, one was perceived to be more justified than the other. In the eyes of the goddess of wisdom, Athena saw that Eupithes intent to kill was not justified enough as Odysseus’ so she ended the perpetual cycle of fighting and violence with his death.
In conclusion, revenge not only performs as a dominant theme in the Odyssey but also a cultural profile for the characters. It fueled the plot of the Odyssey, creating a base for the main conflicts and a pattern of cause-and-effect that is based on divine or human interaction. For the characters, revenge served as a way to channel their rage and strength as well as motivate them to accomplish a goal or solve a