Osteoporosis, otherwise known as porous bone, is characterized by a decrease in bone density as well as depreciation of bone tissue. Due to these conditions, there is an increased risk of bone breakages and fractures of the hip, spine, and the wrist. Both men and women are susceptible to osteoporosis; however, several preventative methods and treatments are currently out there. Here in the United States, approximately 40 million people are affected by the disease or have a higher susceptibility to the disease.
There are factors that can lead to the onset of osteoporosis. These factors include ones that are avoidable and can easily be changed. However, certain factors also present that one must simply just accept and live with.
Risk factors …show more content…
Examples of these drugs include bisphosphonates and calcitonin-salmon sprays. Bisphosphonates are equivalent to pyrophosphates, which have a strong liking towards bone apatite. They mediate the stoppage of bone resorption by lowering the recruitment and functionality of osteoclasts. Cell death or apoptosis is also induced within the osteoclasts, leading to the eventual decrease in number of osteoclasts. Another useful drug therapy that works in a similar manner is salmon calcitonin. There is FDA approval for the use of this drug through an intranasal spray. The spray has approval for osteoporosis treatment, but has shown ambiguous effects on fracturing. One particular trial showed a 33% to 36% decrease in fracture occurrences, while others shown no observable …show more content…
These cells are called osteocytes. The maintenance and formation of bone is mostly due to the works of cells known as osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are mature, differentiated form of dividing osteogenic cells and are crucial in bone formation. Another bone cell, osteoclasts, is involved in maintenance of calcium and other minerals within the bone. The life of bone is fluid and varying and is constantly refashioned on the basis of one main factor—levels of calcium in the blood. Calcium levels are kept in homeostasis due to the works of several hormones that include parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D. When low levels of calcium presents in the blood, parathyroid hormone is released from parathyroid glands leading to stimulation of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts will break down the bony matrix and send calcium into the blood. On the other hand, high levels of calcium will lead to the release of calcitonin. In this way, calcium will be deposited onto the bone as hard salts. Vitamin D is also important in maintenance of proper levels of phosphate and calcium levels to have efficient mineralization of the bone. Vitamin D is required by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts for growth and remodeling in order to prevent formation of brittle
There are factors that can lead to the onset of osteoporosis. These factors include ones that are avoidable and can easily be changed. However, certain factors also present that one must simply just accept and live with.
Risk factors …show more content…
Examples of these drugs include bisphosphonates and calcitonin-salmon sprays. Bisphosphonates are equivalent to pyrophosphates, which have a strong liking towards bone apatite. They mediate the stoppage of bone resorption by lowering the recruitment and functionality of osteoclasts. Cell death or apoptosis is also induced within the osteoclasts, leading to the eventual decrease in number of osteoclasts. Another useful drug therapy that works in a similar manner is salmon calcitonin. There is FDA approval for the use of this drug through an intranasal spray. The spray has approval for osteoporosis treatment, but has shown ambiguous effects on fracturing. One particular trial showed a 33% to 36% decrease in fracture occurrences, while others shown no observable …show more content…
These cells are called osteocytes. The maintenance and formation of bone is mostly due to the works of cells known as osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are mature, differentiated form of dividing osteogenic cells and are crucial in bone formation. Another bone cell, osteoclasts, is involved in maintenance of calcium and other minerals within the bone. The life of bone is fluid and varying and is constantly refashioned on the basis of one main factor—levels of calcium in the blood. Calcium levels are kept in homeostasis due to the works of several hormones that include parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D. When low levels of calcium presents in the blood, parathyroid hormone is released from parathyroid glands leading to stimulation of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts will break down the bony matrix and send calcium into the blood. On the other hand, high levels of calcium will lead to the release of calcitonin. In this way, calcium will be deposited onto the bone as hard salts. Vitamin D is also important in maintenance of proper levels of phosphate and calcium levels to have efficient mineralization of the bone. Vitamin D is required by both osteoblasts and osteoclasts for growth and remodeling in order to prevent formation of brittle