Stars have been mystery for quite a while in history, but Bethe's work made certain conclusions about the nuclear reactions that are possible in star, and how much energy comes from these reactions. The main goal is to measure which reactions are favored to accurately predict how stars emit energy. Also it must be proven that heavy elements are not likely to be formed by calculating probabilities of Nuclear reaction based on favored energy. The most favorable reactions in stars include the fusion of He4 and the carbon nitrogen cycle, which both are elaborated. These processes vary in percentage from star type but occur in every type of main sequence star.
I. Introduction & History The sun, a landmark that has been shining through all of the …show more content…
This though, would mean the sun would burn for 1,500 billion years, a number far from estimations based on dating. Annihilation of this sort had never been observed and it was known that in regular circumstances protons and electrons do not annihilate each other, so it was hard to believe that happened in a star. The next theory was proposed after nuclear reactions were observed in particle accelerators. Atkinson and Houterman's theory of thermonuclear reactions partially described the processes that happen when a nucleus splits. Because of the nuclear evidence it was assumed that this was the type of reaction that happened in stars [2]. The only specific information that was known is that most of the energy came from the core of the star. No specific reactions were known, which led to Bethe studying what happened inside of a burning star [2]. Bethe's work started with calculating energy production of nuclear reactions, the building up of heavy elements, the reactions that are favored to give off energy, and the accuracy of the predictions versus observed …show more content…
The following reactions use Carbon and Nitrogen as Catalyst: [1]
Since the Carbon and Nitrogen are only used in rare cases there is always an abundance. The reactions only happen at very high temperature, very similar to that at the ceter of the sun. In ordinary stars these reactions cause a very good majority of the energy released. Stars this cannot describe are giants, beause the core temperature is not hot enough to upkeep these reactions. In stars other than red giants, these are the two favored reactions that produce energy.
III. Conclusion
Bethe's work discovered the precise reactions in stars using certain probabilities of nuclear reactions, and stability of isotopes. There are many minor reactions that happen in stars that are unsubstantial to the production of energy in a star. Many nuclear reactions that would result in a heavier element than C12, but the probability of these happening are minimal and hence are not substantial in energy production. The reactions that do produce energy in substantial amounts are (25-29c) and (2) where (25-29c) dominates at high temperatures and (2) at lower temperatures in stars.
List of References
[1] Bethe, H. A. "Energy Production in
I. Introduction & History The sun, a landmark that has been shining through all of the …show more content…
This though, would mean the sun would burn for 1,500 billion years, a number far from estimations based on dating. Annihilation of this sort had never been observed and it was known that in regular circumstances protons and electrons do not annihilate each other, so it was hard to believe that happened in a star. The next theory was proposed after nuclear reactions were observed in particle accelerators. Atkinson and Houterman's theory of thermonuclear reactions partially described the processes that happen when a nucleus splits. Because of the nuclear evidence it was assumed that this was the type of reaction that happened in stars [2]. The only specific information that was known is that most of the energy came from the core of the star. No specific reactions were known, which led to Bethe studying what happened inside of a burning star [2]. Bethe's work started with calculating energy production of nuclear reactions, the building up of heavy elements, the reactions that are favored to give off energy, and the accuracy of the predictions versus observed …show more content…
The following reactions use Carbon and Nitrogen as Catalyst: [1]
Since the Carbon and Nitrogen are only used in rare cases there is always an abundance. The reactions only happen at very high temperature, very similar to that at the ceter of the sun. In ordinary stars these reactions cause a very good majority of the energy released. Stars this cannot describe are giants, beause the core temperature is not hot enough to upkeep these reactions. In stars other than red giants, these are the two favored reactions that produce energy.
III. Conclusion
Bethe's work discovered the precise reactions in stars using certain probabilities of nuclear reactions, and stability of isotopes. There are many minor reactions that happen in stars that are unsubstantial to the production of energy in a star. Many nuclear reactions that would result in a heavier element than C12, but the probability of these happening are minimal and hence are not substantial in energy production. The reactions that do produce energy in substantial amounts are (25-29c) and (2) where (25-29c) dominates at high temperatures and (2) at lower temperatures in stars.
List of References
[1] Bethe, H. A. "Energy Production in