And if there is an effect, it is the wrong one. When having the wrong short term effect it suggest we have the wrong long term effect. He clearly states “There is now no reason to believe that simple character education does what it claims to do. For all we know, it is a waste of time—or worse.”
An objection of Davis’ empirical criticism could say you do not need long term studies to prove simple character education. Simple character education can be shown in a person’s everyday character of how they treat everyone around them. It could be said that short term research over many people is just as sufficient as any long term research. As long as there is sufficient evidence, it is enough to prove simple character education is sufficiently taught and has impact on a person’s