Magnesium Bromide and Nitrogen Trifluoride The two compounds I will be evaluating are Magnesium Bromide and Nitrogen Trifluoride. Magnesium Bromide is an Ionic compound, usually found in sedatives. While Nitrogen Trifluoride is a molecular compound, often used my industrial companies to clean a variety of equipment due to its room temperature stability and easy and safe to use form. These compounds’ lewis structures are in figure 1. Drawing lewis structures for compounds are a great way of visualizing how the elements bond together. To draw a lewis structure, first determine the number of valence electrons. Valence electrons are the number of electrons in an element’s outer most shell. After finding the number of valence electrons, you are able to determine the bonding sites of an atom. Once the total number of elements needed for the bond is found, you can connect the atoms at each bonding site. Some bonds require double or triple electron bonds. This means if a molecular compound cannot bond two atoms perfectly, the bond between the atoms can become a double bond or triple bond. Consequently, the bond between atoms will consist of either two sets of electrons or three sets of electrons. Looking the two compounds, one might wonder how these names came to be. For molecular compounds, replace the ending of the second element and add “ide”. Prefixes must be added if there are more than one element. An example is provided in figure 2. When naming ionic compounds, the first element must be named as it is, then the second element must change the ending to “ide”. When naming ionic compounds, do not add prefixes. Ionic compounds are created when an element either gains or looses electrons to another atom.
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Magnesium has two valence electrons and bromine has seven valence electrons. This means that within their chemical bond, magnesium looses its valence electrons to bromine. Ionic compounds are created from a metal and a nonmetal. In Magnesium bromide, Magnesium is the metal and Bromine is the nonmetal. Ionic compounds tend to high melting points. Magnesium bromide has a melting point of 1,312 degrees Fahrenheit and 711 degrees celsius. It is soluble in water and is conductive.Within this ionic bond, there are two bromine atoms and one magnesium atom. One of magnesium’s valence electrons go to each of the bromide atoms, which creates a balance between protons and electrons. (Figure 1) When interpreting the lewis structure for Magnesium Bromine, it is important to understand the charges of each of the elements. Since magnesium has two valence electrons, it has a charge of positive two. Since bromine has a near full outer shell with seven valence electrons, it has a charge of negative one. When looking at the lewis diagram, there are two bromines, this happens because two bromine atoms are needed to balance the charge. Bromine also is shown with eight dots around it, this displays bromines full outer shell when bonded with magnesium. Molecular bonding is the other important type of chemical bonds. Nitrogen Trifluoride is a molecular compound, composed of one nitrogen atom and three fluorine atoms. Molecular bonds are a bond in which two or more atoms share a pair of electrons. The octet rule states that a compound is most stable when the outer shell if each atom is full. If the outer shell of an atom is not completely full, the compound is unstable. (Figure 3) If a pair of atoms can not easily bond through a single pair of electrons and follow the octet rule, double or triple bonds can form. In such case, instead of two electrons being shared, up to six electrons can be shared between two atoms. In the compound nitrogen trifluoride, there is one nitrogen atom and three fluorine atoms. This can be determined by the prefixes used in naming the compound. Since nitrogen is not changed, there is only one atom of its kind. But since the prefix tri is before fluorine, there are three fluorines in the bond. The chemical formula must also follow this rule. Since there are three fluorines, add a 3 after the chemical symbol (F3), and since there is one nitrogen a number does not need to be added. Consequently, the chemical formula is NF3. Nitrogen
Magnesium has two valence electrons and bromine has seven valence electrons. This means that within their chemical bond, magnesium looses its valence electrons to bromine. Ionic compounds are created from a metal and a nonmetal. In Magnesium bromide, Magnesium is the metal and Bromine is the nonmetal. Ionic compounds tend to high melting points. Magnesium bromide has a melting point of 1,312 degrees Fahrenheit and 711 degrees celsius. It is soluble in water and is conductive.Within this ionic bond, there are two bromine atoms and one magnesium atom. One of magnesium’s valence electrons go to each of the bromide atoms, which creates a balance between protons and electrons. (Figure 1) When interpreting the lewis structure for Magnesium Bromine, it is important to understand the charges of each of the elements. Since magnesium has two valence electrons, it has a charge of positive two. Since bromine has a near full outer shell with seven valence electrons, it has a charge of negative one. When looking at the lewis diagram, there are two bromines, this happens because two bromine atoms are needed to balance the charge. Bromine also is shown with eight dots around it, this displays bromines full outer shell when bonded with magnesium. Molecular bonding is the other important type of chemical bonds. Nitrogen Trifluoride is a molecular compound, composed of one nitrogen atom and three fluorine atoms. Molecular bonds are a bond in which two or more atoms share a pair of electrons. The octet rule states that a compound is most stable when the outer shell if each atom is full. If the outer shell of an atom is not completely full, the compound is unstable. (Figure 3) If a pair of atoms can not easily bond through a single pair of electrons and follow the octet rule, double or triple bonds can form. In such case, instead of two electrons being shared, up to six electrons can be shared between two atoms. In the compound nitrogen trifluoride, there is one nitrogen atom and three fluorine atoms. This can be determined by the prefixes used in naming the compound. Since nitrogen is not changed, there is only one atom of its kind. But since the prefix tri is before fluorine, there are three fluorines in the bond. The chemical formula must also follow this rule. Since there are three fluorines, add a 3 after the chemical symbol (F3), and since there is one nitrogen a number does not need to be added. Consequently, the chemical formula is NF3. Nitrogen