How Does Deletion Mutation Affect Dna Facilitation?

DNA mutations are in other words DNA changes. Any changes in DNA can be from spontaneous mutation, in order to adapt to the continuous changing environment, or induced mutation, which it is caused from dangerous exposures such as to carcinogens or radiation. Moreover, three main steps a DNA chain goes through to build proteins are, DNA to mRNA (messenger deoxyribonucleic acid), and then the end result is protein. Furthermore, DNA changes, in which can occur in a single or multiple nucleotides on a codon, can cause kinks and bends on proteins. Irregular kinks and bends on proteins can cause the protein to become less active, inactive, or enhanced. Four DNA mutations are called deletion, insertion, substitution, and nonsense.

Deletion mutation …show more content…
When DNA is exposed to a dangerous environment such as radiation, it can cause DNA to break apart or separate. DNA can attempt to repair itself by having a protein insert a nucleotide, a process called insertion mutation. This, however, elongates the chain of nucleotides in which can also be considered frame shift. An insertion of additional nucleotides can cause the rest of the sequence to shift and changing the entire protein. Below is a sample of insertion mutation.

Normal DNA: TAC CAG ATA CAC TCC CCT GCT ACT

Insertion mutation DNA: ATG GTC TAT GTTGAGGGGACGATGA

End product: ATG GTC TAT GTT GAG GGG ACG ATG A…

Substitution mutation means when a nucleotide letter has changed. During substitution mutation, a wrong nucleotide has been detected and it can either be changed to the correct nucleotide or change the entire pair of nucleotides. A nucleotide substitution results in amino acid substitution thus calling this process missense. Below is a sample of substitution