Holden Caulfield's Existentialism

Improved Essays
At some point in one’s life, an individual will most likely question the reason for their existence. Existentialists, drawing more attention to the commonly asked question, consider the nature of the human condition as an extensive problem. Although existentialism arose in the nineteenth century, it was not until after World War II that its concepts rose to conspicuity. The despair that resulted from World War II caused anxiety and provoked the inescapable feeling of being abandoned in an insensitive and unpredictable universe. These concerns have been expressed by existentialist philosophers for many years, and they exist presently. Individuality, isolation, frustration, and instability became prominent mentalities, and many followers began to create their own essence and purpose in life. Such tenets are evident in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, an existentialist novel which exhibits the existential crisis of Holden Caulfield, the unreliable, conflicted, sixteen-year-old narrator of this distorted coming-of-age story. Existential elements are evident in Holden’s confusion towards the world, his …show more content…
Existentialism is a way to not only find one’s purpose in life, but to create that purpose as well. Today, like Holden, many teenagers and young adults find it difficult to identify themselves in the distorted society that they are meant to become a part of. Often times, for young adults like Holden, it is difficult to integrate themselves into a warped society. If one desires to find his or her true purpose in life, though, it is necessary for that person to create a unique essence for him or herself. As John-Paul Sartre once said, “Man is nothing else but that which he makes of

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Holden Caulfield, a sixteen year old boy living in New York, has been sent to multiple boarding schools and share many similar experiences with J. D. Salinger, the author of The Catcher in the Rye. Holden is not like normal teenagers, who are full of life, crave adventure and look forward to new experiences. In contrast, he hates many things, gets depressed, especially around young children, and thinks that everybody; but, mostly adults are phony. On a psychological level, there are many factors in his childhood experience which may have influenced why he acts and thinks such a way. By applying Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, it is easier to understand what motivates Holden’s thoughts and actions, in addition to what Salinger experienced…

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    This theory gives credit to those who find success and meaning for their lives regardless of the pain, guilt, and death that may plague them. If the search for meaning is successful, it can not only can lead to happiness but also gives a patient or person capability to live through such suffering. If there is no meaning to be found, it can lead people into lives filled with worthlessness and hopelessness as seen with those prisoners in the concentration camps who gave up on their lives and would eventually pass away. The “existential vacuum” comes into play here in a generation filled with depression, aggression, and addiction because there is a lack of purpose or work that then leads back to the vacuum of feelings of emptiness and worthlessness. However, Frankl states that depression and suicide are not only caused by the existential vacuum, but that a strong meaning orientation can help take strides towards prevention and a means of combating such issues.…

    • 1945 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    Throughout our lives, all human beings are forced to navigate from the world of our carefree simplistic childhoods to the more terrifying complex world of adulthood. For most people, this journey is fearsome and full of struggles and obstacles that they must overcome in order to venture to the other side. No matter how difficult this journey is, growing up and becoming an adult is necessary for our life experience. In the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, the main character Holden Caulfield struggles with the concept of becoming an adult and leaving his childhood behind. Like most people, Holden tries to find an outlet for releasing his fears about growing up.…

    • 1472 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Through the iconic voice of Holden Caulfield, an estranged adolescent, one hears a cry for help emerge from the clouds of depression so effortlessly that nearly everyone, regardless of background, relates. As evident within J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, and particularly during chapter 20, Salinger utilizes casual diction, relatable syntax, and a symbolic setting to convey Holden’s great dejection and introspection about death itself. With such a strong rhetorical technique as this, Salinger appeals to the empathy of the audience and creates a nearly universal cult-following for Holden. Although undeservingly idealized, Holden’s struggle to find meaning and happiness in this passage suggests a greater, underlying aspect throughout…

    • 1049 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The existentialist theory emphasizes choice and free will of a person and the individual will determine their own outcomes based on choice. Jean-Paul Sartre was a leading philosopher of existentialism and believed that there are no blueprints to one’s individual life. There is no purpose rather than to find their own purpose and build upon it. We are a product of our choices and we are who we choose to be. We determine our fate which determines our freedom.…

    • 1043 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The main concept of this philosophy is individualism and the power to make a decision that solely reflects oneself. These ideas and more are included in author J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, where a young man named Holden Caulfield is coming to terms with the transition from childhood to adulthood throughout this novel. In the story, Salinger portrays existential elements through the pressure of social expectations and the struggle of individuality.…

    • 742 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Existentialism is a focus on the individual, a focus on their existence, free will, and death. An important note, however, is that there are many interpretations of existentialism, be it more optimistic or pessimistic. The books The Metamorphosis by Kafka, The Stranger, by Camus, and Hunger by Steve McQueen all have similar ideas, with imprisonment, death, and a life crisis being major components of each story. As a result, they all have similar existential themes.…

    • 1684 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “ The Catcher in the Rye” was a challenged book. [Peter Shaw] “believes that many critics have been overly clinical in their assessment of Holden Caulfield, failing to take into account that adolescence is a time of dramatic mood swings”. However, he approached “schizophrenia...because he is dealing with two important [psychological mournings which is] the loss of his childhood and being in love”. Referring “of course to Salinger’s presentation” his temptation of his “modern life… Salinger urges us to believe is for the sensitive adolescent of our time” wrote Leslie Fledler.…

    • 380 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    An inescapable aspect of growing up is that parts of life will change. Though one may not like these changes or want to accept them, they must. These changes, like the death of family members or people around them, can mold a person dramatically, and shape the way that they think of themselves and the world around them. The Catcher in The Rye exemplifies this idea perfectly through the main character’s, Holden’s, experiences as he recounts his life and his actions and experiences before being admitted into a mental hospital. Through the character of Holden Caulfield and the idea of death, J.D. Salinger provides a narrative about how the realities of life and modern society can shape a person as they develop and accept those concepts.…

    • 2075 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Rebel Without a Cause: Existentialism and The Catcher in the Rye For some, going with the herd mentality is the easy way in life, but for others, it’s the hard way. Existentialism first sprouted up in America in the mid 1960’s. It brought ideas of the individual being responsible for their own actions, and subjective experiences contributed to the quality of life. Life was always in a constant flux, existence precedes essence, and there was no final purpose that was worth putting effort toward. The world had just seen the end of World War II, and America was a newfound superpower.…

    • 1015 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Adolescence is a time fraught with the dangers of loneliness. In a person’s journey through this period it is therefore important to maintain strong relationships with other people. Holden Caulfield is a teenager who lets such relationships deteriorate in J.D. Salinger 's The Catcher in the Rye. The novel follows Holden as he leaves his school, travelling through New York City alone in a depressed funk. Ultimately, Salinger uses Holden’s language to illustrate the theme that an absence of close relationships and feelings of alienation and loneliness pose a danger to adolescents.…

    • 1007 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The transition from childhood to adulthood is inevitable. It is an experience that tests teenagers to their breaking points. Most adults cherish childhood innocence, as they have experience with an onerous adulthood. At a young age, parents teach their children that the world is a perfect, Utopian society. As children mature, they realize that the once ‘perfect world’ was nothing but a false, sugar-coated take on the harsh realities of life.…

    • 906 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Existentialism is a philosophical approach which emphasizes on the existence of an individual person as “a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will,” meaning that everyone has the freedom to develop how they want to as a person. This serves as a good explanation for evil in the world and is also a freeing belief when one feels confronted by questions of existence. This may also help those that suffer from existential depression, a condition which occurs to people that harbour a sense of hopelessness at believing that their lives may be meaningless. One can live with this easily in everyday life, because it is simply a way of looking at life. Though it serves as a philosophy to live life how one chooses, Existentialism is flawed in the fact that it covers very little else, and offers no help practical and psychological problems.…

    • 1353 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jean-Paul Sartre, who is often referred as the founder of existentialism, hated to be identified as an existentialist, for he deemed it a violation of his individualist philosophy to be a part of a literary movement. He even rejected the name because he deemed it to be too confining! Existentialism at its conception rotated around the “life is without purpose” mantra; however, with the introduction of authors such as Albert Camus, Samuel Beckett, and Fyodor Dostoevsky, a new light illuminated the once-static spectrum of traditional existentialism. The presence of each of their respective novels, The Stranger, Waiting for Godot, and Notes from The Underground played pivotal roles in not only each the authors’ careers, but in the whole genre…

    • 1217 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Therefore, Existentialism believes that individuals are completely free and need to take individual responsibility for themselves (although with this responsibility comes angst, an intense anguish or dread). It therefore highlights action, freedom and decision as vital, and considers that the only way to rise above the essentially irrational condition of…

    • 1449 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays