Another primary nursing problem related to his hypervolemia is impaired oxygenation. This problem is exacerbated by Giovanni’s increasing cardiac demand, which resulted in a decrease in his cardiac output. His chest x-ray validated his condition, revealing an enlarged cardiothoracic ratio. According to Mensah et al. (2015 p.159), cardiothoracic ratio is the marker for confirming changes in an individual’s cardiac size.
The pathophysiology of Giovanni’s impaired oxygenation is interlaced with his hypervolemia. Giovanni’s cardiac muscle had become dilated due to the increasing pressure in the left ventricle as well as his right ventricle’s inability to accumulate systemic circulation. Craft et. al. (2015 p.635) illustrated that dilated cardiomyopathy …show more content…
One collaborative intervention applicable for his impaired oxygenation includes the use of CPAP to ensure that he is receiving enough oxygen supply. As identified by Warner (2010 p.88), congestive heart failure as in Giovanni’s case, is an indication for the use of CPAP. He also outlined the criteria for CPAP administration, which include the use of accessory muscle, respiratory rate above 25 breaths/minute and O2Sat less than 94 per cent (p.88). Two of these criteria are displayed by Giovanni during his admission, which consists of O2Sat of 91 per cent and a respiratory rate of 26 breaths/minute. In conjunction with this, Wilkinson and Treas (2011 p.874) explained that CPAP provides positive pressure during inhalation and exhalation to patients by maintaining a patent airway. This is further amplified by a literature review conducted by Williams, Boyle, Robertson, and Giddings (2013 p.59) and the brief report of Warner (2010 p.90) wherein they concluded the significance of CPAP in patients with cardiopulmonary edema. Both groups outlined the reduction of endotracheal intubation occurrences and the enhancement of vital signs with CPAP use. Moreover, the practice of CPAP is also a primary therapeutic choice for the management of sleep apnea, a common symptom in patients with heart failure (Costanzo et. …show more content…
This includes studies led by Barros et. al. (2014 p.614-615) and Borge et. al. (2015 p.182) stating that device-guided breathing is beneficial in relieving breathlessness by slowing down the sympathetic nervous system activities. Subsequently, a disadvantage illustrated for this intervention would be its efficacy for longer duration (Tunkar et. al., 2013 p.21). Nonetheless, educating Giovanni the importance of slow, deep breaths would enhance his independence towards his health while ensuring that the goal for his oxygenation is
The pathophysiology of Giovanni’s impaired oxygenation is interlaced with his hypervolemia. Giovanni’s cardiac muscle had become dilated due to the increasing pressure in the left ventricle as well as his right ventricle’s inability to accumulate systemic circulation. Craft et. al. (2015 p.635) illustrated that dilated cardiomyopathy …show more content…
One collaborative intervention applicable for his impaired oxygenation includes the use of CPAP to ensure that he is receiving enough oxygen supply. As identified by Warner (2010 p.88), congestive heart failure as in Giovanni’s case, is an indication for the use of CPAP. He also outlined the criteria for CPAP administration, which include the use of accessory muscle, respiratory rate above 25 breaths/minute and O2Sat less than 94 per cent (p.88). Two of these criteria are displayed by Giovanni during his admission, which consists of O2Sat of 91 per cent and a respiratory rate of 26 breaths/minute. In conjunction with this, Wilkinson and Treas (2011 p.874) explained that CPAP provides positive pressure during inhalation and exhalation to patients by maintaining a patent airway. This is further amplified by a literature review conducted by Williams, Boyle, Robertson, and Giddings (2013 p.59) and the brief report of Warner (2010 p.90) wherein they concluded the significance of CPAP in patients with cardiopulmonary edema. Both groups outlined the reduction of endotracheal intubation occurrences and the enhancement of vital signs with CPAP use. Moreover, the practice of CPAP is also a primary therapeutic choice for the management of sleep apnea, a common symptom in patients with heart failure (Costanzo et. …show more content…
This includes studies led by Barros et. al. (2014 p.614-615) and Borge et. al. (2015 p.182) stating that device-guided breathing is beneficial in relieving breathlessness by slowing down the sympathetic nervous system activities. Subsequently, a disadvantage illustrated for this intervention would be its efficacy for longer duration (Tunkar et. al., 2013 p.21). Nonetheless, educating Giovanni the importance of slow, deep breaths would enhance his independence towards his health while ensuring that the goal for his oxygenation is