The one thing that criminological theories cannot explain is why a person can commit a crime and feel no remorse, as is the case with Willie. Merton’s Strain Theory identifies that discontent with one’s status, both economic and social, leads to the willingness to commit crimes in order to obtain a different status, especially when the person is already in the lowest possible status. While Agnew’s General Strain Theory identifies the three different ways in which a person may begin to feel the effects of the strain. Although the Strain theories identify causes of crime they do not attempt to identify one of the most important factors of crime. Crime is a behavior that like any other has to be learned, this is the first and arguably most important of the nine key points of Differential Association.…
Strain theory has been define in varies ways, Robert K. Merton describes it as social structures/societal goals that are presented to people as what they should strive towards in order to be successful in life, but at the same time society does not provide any effective legitimate means to reach that goals (Merton, 1938, Pg.675). Those who are in the lower brackets of society, and do to the pressure that society puts on the individual it leads to those individual finding other illegitimate means of reaching that goal, which Merton defines as being in the middle/ upper class (Merton, 1938, Pg.679). In the other hand Robert Agnew argues that strain theory is more complex than such societal structure, and pressure to achieve what society…
Strain theory provides an explanation of why people decide to commit crime. Agnew believes that when people experience a form of stress or strain, they are more likely to commit a crime to cope with that negative stressors. For example, a person who is going through a financial hardship may be inclined to steal to compensate for the burden. This does not apply to the dealers mentioned in the book.…
In response to the multiple criticisms pinned against Merton’s Classical Strain Theory, Robert Agnew revitalized Strain theory to make it more broad and applicable. This theory shifted from the ideals that crime was caused by the unattainability of the American Dream to crime being precipitated by the inability to cope with negative affective states. Agnew noticed a miscorrelation between increasing crime between adolescent population and Merton’s Theory of Classic Strain. CST didn’t give reasoning to why crime rates among adolescents was increasing; this questioning is what initiated Agnew’s theory. Merton and Agnew had the same hypothesis, (strain causes delinquency), but different operational definitions of what strain is.…
Strain theory helps explain why individuals join gangs and how their affiliation to a gang can ultimately lead to these members committing a variety of crimes. Society plays a very important role in how people see themselves in relation to others (Winterdyk, 2016, 177). Individuals believe they are aware with the goals that must achieve and attain in order to be seen as successful by others. For some individuals these important goals could be identified as the house they live in, the car they drive, the clothes they wear, the shops they shop at, etc. (Winterdyk, 2016, 177).…
General Strain Theory was brought up by Robert Agnew and is identified as a micro level theory. He tries to explain that individuals who go through stress and strain are more likely to commit a criminal act. This theory states that stress and strain can come from things like faultier to achieve goals that one has always wanted to. So they go about reaching them through unlawful ways. The person could also have had harsh super vision through their life time and even be a victim of crime themselves.…
A theory that supports the actions of white collar crime is rational choice theory. “In rational choice theories, individuals are seen as motivated by the wants or goals that express their ‘preferences’”(Browning et. al, 2000). People in the everyday world are consumed by decisions daily from small things like deciding on dinner to major long term decisions such as last will and testimony. Based on the situation of the individual in particular decisions will vary.…
Child abuse and neglect, excessive physical punishment, negative relations among friends and negative school events can be the stimulation needed for prompting deviant behaviors. The general strain theory encompasses the belief that experiences and strains among the individuals life are why certain individuals become criminals. With this theory, criminals are not born but made. With the strain triggers, the general strain theory has been expanded to when criminal behavior will likely result from. Strains that are more likely to result in crime can be seen unjust which provokes anger, in high magnitude which generate more anger since one’s ability to cope in a nonviolent way is unsettled, associated in low social control formed from the labor market, and creation of pressure or incentive to engage in criminal coping (Riedel, Welsh, 2016).…
Another concept that Agnew discusses is the strain’s likelihood of leading to crime. This is generally influenced by the criminal and non-criminal coping options and how appealing those options may be. Strains that are usually viewed as being associated with crime or criminals will usually result in crime as the coping option. It is added that criminal coping may be the individual’s most effective means of dealing with the strain. This reminds me of my initial example of Walter White turning to crime to cope with his strain.…
Beginning in July of 2016 and continuing on to the present day, protesters have been actively camped out near Cannon Ball, North Dakota; protesting as, or in solidarity with, the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North and South Dakota. Calling themselves “Water Protectors”, they are actively protesting a 1,172-mile long oil pipeline being built by a subsidiary of Energy Transfer Partners named Dakota Access (Time 1). The pipeline is proposed to run diagonally from Stanley, North Dakota all the way to Patoka, Illinois (Time 1). The deviance of the Water Protectors can be explained by two sociological theories; one being the Structural Strain Theory by Robert Merton and the other being Travis Hirschi’s Social Control Theory. How are these theories…
This theory states that people are taught to value certain goals and luxuries. When someone is born without success then they must resort to any means necessary to obtain a certain level of success. Drug dealing is similar in the sense that without necessary opportunities to make money often times people without means turn to illicit activities to generate wealth. Only opportunities really separate financial driven crimes. White-Collar Crime was coined in 1939 by Edwin Sutherland, this type of crime is committed by a respectable person of high social status in the course of their occupation.…
The Strain Theory is similarly effective as it concludes that the yearning for monetary success is to blame as the most significant factor contributing to the commitment of crime. Money as the motive applies to the criminal justice system in many investigations where they are searching for a motive that may lead them to capturing a criminal. Wholly, both theories are tremendously useful in terms of understanding crime in regards to criminal…
Sociologists and criminologists have studied trends amongst individuals and their familes, as well as their environments, to determine what can be attributed to causing people to commit crime. These theories differ vastly, from assuming an entire environmental cause, to a genetic disposition, to a a desire to achieve more than is realistically plausible. The causes of crime are difficult to narrow down and say with complete confidence that this is the reason, but the studies have many times spanned much more than a glances worth of time in order to investigate the causes. I chose to look into two specific theories which I find to be the most interesting as well as the most realistic; culture conflict theory and strain theory – two theories…
More specifically, this theory holds “crime occurs when members of the lower class experience anger and frustration over their inability to achieve success” (Siegel, p. 143). Individuals feel this way because they fail to achieve what they deem as success through traditional societal means. Considering the individual does not feel successful, the “strain” pushes them to seek other means for success, such as criminal activities. Understanding the background of the strain theory is valuable in order to understand the main concept. Inspired by the Great Depression, Robert K. Merton developed the first major strain theory, which explains why the concept primarily focuses on an individual 's inability to achieve monetary success (Agnew, p. 30).…
Strain theorists believe that individuals can become hopeless and feel that the only way to obtain their dreams is by joining a gang (Cooper, 2011). Lastly, is cultural deviance theory and this one is a combination of disorganization and strain theories. Theorists believe criminal behavior is due to the strain people feel and the social isolation that urban areas experience (Cooper, 2011). Cultural deviance theorists say the combination of growing up in deteriorated areas, with the strain of seeing no way out is the reason people join gangs (Cooper, 2011). This theory relates to the more violent gang members because theorists stated that both factors of this theory can push a person to feel they need to take part in violent behavior (Cooper, 2011).…