To summarize, there has been increasing interest regarding false illusions and their relevant mechanisms and the reasons why have been quite apparent through this study. All these mechanisms and processes investigated in this study could provide a mediating tool in order to distinguish truthful memories between the specious ones. The extensive literature on DRM includes studies on some clinical cases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer dementia, amnesia, affective disorders, anxiety, aging, as well as healthy population have been administered the DRM paradigm in order to deeply discover the vast and complex functions of the memory system (Budson, et al. 2006). Thus, this powerful tool has been selected for the purposes of this study. In this case,
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For the current experiment, an alternative version of DRM paradigm was created based on the original version of DRM. According to this version, three different sub-versions have been created; the emotional version, the low-connectivity version and the high-connectivity version. Each version included eight lists of ten words and one non-presented word/critical lure/false target word, eleven words in total. In the emotional version there were eight lists with ten presented words and one critical lure including emotional and triggering words such as flu, sick, doctor, hospital, surgery, cancer, death, emergency, contamination, blood, with cough as the critical lure. Also, the low-connectivity task consisted of words such as toothpaste, tire, water, television, plumber, test, raft, hospital, tunnel, picture, with tube as the critical lure. These are words that are not connected and are unrelated to each other. Lastly, there is the high-connectivity version which includes words highly associated to each other such as booze, brandy, gin, drunk, vodka, bourbon, liquor, rum, whiskey, drugs, with alcohol as a critical …show more content…
The first test they had to complete was Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) (Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006), which is a self-administered patient questionnaire and is used as a screening tool and severity measure for generalized anxiety disorder and measures any potential disturbances during the last two weeks. It consists of seven questions like “Feeling nervous, anxious or on the edge?”, “Having trouble relaxing?” and so on. The test score for these questions is calculated by assessing scores 0, 1 ,2, and 3, to the response categories of “not at all”, “several days”, “more than half the days” and “nearly every day”. Scores of 5, 10 and 15 are taken as cut-off points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. In general, GAD-7 has a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 82% for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Also, it is accurate at measuring three other common anxiety disorders such as panic disorder (sensitivity 74%, specificity 81%), social anxiety disorder (sensitivity 72%, specificity 80%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (sensitivity 66%, specificity 81%) (Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams, Monahan, &
For the current experiment, an alternative version of DRM paradigm was created based on the original version of DRM. According to this version, three different sub-versions have been created; the emotional version, the low-connectivity version and the high-connectivity version. Each version included eight lists of ten words and one non-presented word/critical lure/false target word, eleven words in total. In the emotional version there were eight lists with ten presented words and one critical lure including emotional and triggering words such as flu, sick, doctor, hospital, surgery, cancer, death, emergency, contamination, blood, with cough as the critical lure. Also, the low-connectivity task consisted of words such as toothpaste, tire, water, television, plumber, test, raft, hospital, tunnel, picture, with tube as the critical lure. These are words that are not connected and are unrelated to each other. Lastly, there is the high-connectivity version which includes words highly associated to each other such as booze, brandy, gin, drunk, vodka, bourbon, liquor, rum, whiskey, drugs, with alcohol as a critical …show more content…
The first test they had to complete was Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) (Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006), which is a self-administered patient questionnaire and is used as a screening tool and severity measure for generalized anxiety disorder and measures any potential disturbances during the last two weeks. It consists of seven questions like “Feeling nervous, anxious or on the edge?”, “Having trouble relaxing?” and so on. The test score for these questions is calculated by assessing scores 0, 1 ,2, and 3, to the response categories of “not at all”, “several days”, “more than half the days” and “nearly every day”. Scores of 5, 10 and 15 are taken as cut-off points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. In general, GAD-7 has a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 82% for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Also, it is accurate at measuring three other common anxiety disorders such as panic disorder (sensitivity 74%, specificity 81%), social anxiety disorder (sensitivity 72%, specificity 80%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (sensitivity 66%, specificity 81%) (Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams, Monahan, &