The New York City crime drop is one of the largest epidemics in our countries history. During the 1990’s crime in New York City, and around the world, began to decreases and has been on the decline ever since. Little research has been done on the cause of this crime drop, there has not been a substantial amount of research on why the crime drop has occurred other than police had to have played an important role because nothing else did (Zimring 2012). New police strategies and techniques had to have influenced the crime drop. Among these new strategies and techniques is community policing. Community policing is the practice of placing police officers in particular areas so that they become familiar with the local inhabitants, which then makes
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It has a main objective of building a good relationship between police and the communities in which they serve. Meaning their goal is to lessen tensions between police and citizens. There are several different ways in which these police take part in building relationships including: foot patrol, bicycle patrol, police substations, citizen police academies, community meetings, newsletters, surveys, crime analysis, and finding non-traditional solutions to criminal justice problems (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). Community policing has three core elements to building a concrete relationships with police and the community, they include involvement, problem solving, and decentralization (Skogan, 2006). In community policing they are not focusing on fighting crime, but rather eliminating conditions that cause crime. This is to be done by socialization and social learning from police (Xu, Fiedler, & Fleming, 2005). Many criminologists argue that crime is a result of social structural. The methods used in community policing developed from social disorganization theory, focusing on broken windows theory and community implant hypothesis (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). These theories argue that there is a direct relationship between distressed communities and crime. This means that the more disorganized a community is and the less resources that are available in that community the more likely they are going to be to commit crime. This theory of crime can be backed by Shaw and McKay who found that poor neighborhoods, inhabited by heterogeneous and residentially unstable residents, are more likely to lack social organization and therefore result in higher levels of juvenile delinquency and crime (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). The goals for police is to reduce the disorganization and help people eliminate their problems before committing crimes. In a study done by Kelling, found that foot patrol actually had a direct effect on crime and that
It has a main objective of building a good relationship between police and the communities in which they serve. Meaning their goal is to lessen tensions between police and citizens. There are several different ways in which these police take part in building relationships including: foot patrol, bicycle patrol, police substations, citizen police academies, community meetings, newsletters, surveys, crime analysis, and finding non-traditional solutions to criminal justice problems (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). Community policing has three core elements to building a concrete relationships with police and the community, they include involvement, problem solving, and decentralization (Skogan, 2006). In community policing they are not focusing on fighting crime, but rather eliminating conditions that cause crime. This is to be done by socialization and social learning from police (Xu, Fiedler, & Fleming, 2005). Many criminologists argue that crime is a result of social structural. The methods used in community policing developed from social disorganization theory, focusing on broken windows theory and community implant hypothesis (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). These theories argue that there is a direct relationship between distressed communities and crime. This means that the more disorganized a community is and the less resources that are available in that community the more likely they are going to be to commit crime. This theory of crime can be backed by Shaw and McKay who found that poor neighborhoods, inhabited by heterogeneous and residentially unstable residents, are more likely to lack social organization and therefore result in higher levels of juvenile delinquency and crime (Lombardo & Lough, 2007). The goals for police is to reduce the disorganization and help people eliminate their problems before committing crimes. In a study done by Kelling, found that foot patrol actually had a direct effect on crime and that