I.Introduction
Different questions have arisen throughout all centuries on God. Finding identities, descriptions, and characteristics of God has been, and continues to be one of human's’ biggest inquiries. One area of inquiry is the study of natural theology which is a study of science that tries to use natural evidences and explanations to justify the existence of a God (Zeyl, 2005). Before it was declared as a type of study or inquiry, ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, and other philosophers have attempted to provide rational explanation and natural evidence of the existence of a God. Although a lot of times it becomes about the Judaeo-Christian God, other philosophers of different religion have looked at reason …show more content…
In this paper, two of the most used type of philosophical arguments is further explored. The first one is known as cosmological arguments which begins by stating obvious fact that there are contingently existing things, and it ends with the conclusion that the existence of a cause with power as explanation for the existing things (Zeyl, 2005). In other words, in its simplest form cosmological argument is an attempt that tries to answer the question “why is there something rather than nothing?” (Zeyl, 2005). Many philosophers from Aristotle to several medieval Islamic authors and middle age thinkers such as John Locke, Samuel Clarke, and David Hume have used cosmological argument in their philosophy (Zeyl, 2005). In addition, St. Thomas Aquinas used cosmological arguments in three of his arguments to proof the existence of God. Contradict to this, the teleological argument begins with special properties and finishes with conclusion of the existence of a designer who has the intellectual properties that are necessary to design that object with those special properties (Zeyl, 2005). Moreover, the teleological argument claims some kind of “purposive” or “end-directed design” that leads to the conclusion that powerful and intelligent designer operates the natural world (Zeyl, 2005). Plato as well as William Paley are great examples for the use of teleological argument where they used the order and complexity of the universe to indicate the existence of a Designer or a Creator, as it would be discussed later in this paper (Zeyl,
Different questions have arisen throughout all centuries on God. Finding identities, descriptions, and characteristics of God has been, and continues to be one of human's’ biggest inquiries. One area of inquiry is the study of natural theology which is a study of science that tries to use natural evidences and explanations to justify the existence of a God (Zeyl, 2005). Before it was declared as a type of study or inquiry, ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, and other philosophers have attempted to provide rational explanation and natural evidence of the existence of a God. Although a lot of times it becomes about the Judaeo-Christian God, other philosophers of different religion have looked at reason …show more content…
In this paper, two of the most used type of philosophical arguments is further explored. The first one is known as cosmological arguments which begins by stating obvious fact that there are contingently existing things, and it ends with the conclusion that the existence of a cause with power as explanation for the existing things (Zeyl, 2005). In other words, in its simplest form cosmological argument is an attempt that tries to answer the question “why is there something rather than nothing?” (Zeyl, 2005). Many philosophers from Aristotle to several medieval Islamic authors and middle age thinkers such as John Locke, Samuel Clarke, and David Hume have used cosmological argument in their philosophy (Zeyl, 2005). In addition, St. Thomas Aquinas used cosmological arguments in three of his arguments to proof the existence of God. Contradict to this, the teleological argument begins with special properties and finishes with conclusion of the existence of a designer who has the intellectual properties that are necessary to design that object with those special properties (Zeyl, 2005). Moreover, the teleological argument claims some kind of “purposive” or “end-directed design” that leads to the conclusion that powerful and intelligent designer operates the natural world (Zeyl, 2005). Plato as well as William Paley are great examples for the use of teleological argument where they used the order and complexity of the universe to indicate the existence of a Designer or a Creator, as it would be discussed later in this paper (Zeyl,