5.11 Coronary ligation model of mice
In murine models of MI or ischemic injury, permanent or temporary occlusion of the left main descending coronary artery by coronary ligation is performed [65, 73]. Coronary ligation model requires excellent techniques and anaesthesia, so large-scale experiments are very difficult to perform. The problem with this model is that artificial effects from the operation and anaesthesia cannot be avoided and it does not have atherosclerotic lesions. The standard murine models for atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice [74-76], and LDL receptor knockout [77] exhibit atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta but usually do not develop MI. HDL receptor scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI)-deficient and apoE-deficient …show more content…
Various animal models have been used in research labs and each one has its unique advantages as well as disadvantages. Which model and species should be used in cardiac research to create CHF depends on various factors such as reproducibility and accessibility of the model, ethical and economical considerations and the question being dealt with and this scientific question decides the proximity of the model in mimicking the CHF syndrome in human beings [8]. Various models being used in cardiovascular research for heart failure are rat (rat coronary ligation model, rat aortic banding, salt-sensitive hypertension, spontaneous hypertension, SH-FH/Mcc-facp, aortic caval fistula, toxic cardiomyopathy), dog, pig, rabbit, guinea pig, Syrian hamster, cat, turkey, bovine and sheep. Animal models for hypertrophy are rat{ aortic constriction, pulmonary artery constriction, hypertension (renal ischemia, DOCA, Dahl salt sensitive, spontaneous hypertension rats) arteriovenous fistula, hyperthyroidism, hypoxia, catecholamines and exercise}, rabbit, dog, pig, cat, hamster, ferret, sheep, baboon, guinea pig, mouse (renal ischemia, exercise, aortic constriction) and transgenic (gene over-expression, gene mutation and knock out gene) animals. Consideration of the use of animal model for heart failure and hypertrophy must depend on two factors: (1) association of disease with pain and discomfort to animal and (2) the results from animal studies cannot be readily transferred to heart failure situations in human being
In murine models of MI or ischemic injury, permanent or temporary occlusion of the left main descending coronary artery by coronary ligation is performed [65, 73]. Coronary ligation model requires excellent techniques and anaesthesia, so large-scale experiments are very difficult to perform. The problem with this model is that artificial effects from the operation and anaesthesia cannot be avoided and it does not have atherosclerotic lesions. The standard murine models for atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice [74-76], and LDL receptor knockout [77] exhibit atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta but usually do not develop MI. HDL receptor scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI)-deficient and apoE-deficient …show more content…
Various animal models have been used in research labs and each one has its unique advantages as well as disadvantages. Which model and species should be used in cardiac research to create CHF depends on various factors such as reproducibility and accessibility of the model, ethical and economical considerations and the question being dealt with and this scientific question decides the proximity of the model in mimicking the CHF syndrome in human beings [8]. Various models being used in cardiovascular research for heart failure are rat (rat coronary ligation model, rat aortic banding, salt-sensitive hypertension, spontaneous hypertension, SH-FH/Mcc-facp, aortic caval fistula, toxic cardiomyopathy), dog, pig, rabbit, guinea pig, Syrian hamster, cat, turkey, bovine and sheep. Animal models for hypertrophy are rat{ aortic constriction, pulmonary artery constriction, hypertension (renal ischemia, DOCA, Dahl salt sensitive, spontaneous hypertension rats) arteriovenous fistula, hyperthyroidism, hypoxia, catecholamines and exercise}, rabbit, dog, pig, cat, hamster, ferret, sheep, baboon, guinea pig, mouse (renal ischemia, exercise, aortic constriction) and transgenic (gene over-expression, gene mutation and knock out gene) animals. Consideration of the use of animal model for heart failure and hypertrophy must depend on two factors: (1) association of disease with pain and discomfort to animal and (2) the results from animal studies cannot be readily transferred to heart failure situations in human being