Congenital Muscular Torticollis Case Study

Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Marissa Maiwelmal
PTHA 1321: Pathophysiology for the PTA
November 19, 2015

I. Definition/Causes
A. Normal function and appearance of sternocleidomastoid
B. Definition of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT)
C. Common theories of the causes of congenital muscular torticollis
D. Conditions CMT can result in
E. Epidemiology
II. Classification
A. Postural torticollis
B. Muscular torticollis
C. Sternocleidomastoid mass
III. Treatments
A. Physical Therapy
B. Surgery
C. Botulinum Injections (Botox)

The sternocleidomastoid is a superficial muscle in the cervical region. It has two heads, the sternal head and the clavicular head. The sternal head’s inferior attachment is the manubrium of …show more content…
Group one is the most serious form of CMT, sternocleidomastoid mass. These patients will have a palpable tumor or swelling in the sternocleidomastoid, and have passive range of motion limitations. Group two is muscular torticollis. These patients will have tightness of the sternocleidomastoid, but no mass. This group will have passive range of motion limitations. Group three is the mildest form of CMT, postural torticollis. It can be identified by an infant’s postural presence. These patients will have a postural head tilt, but no mass or tightness in the sternocleidomastoid. There are no range of motion restrictions with this …show more content…
With the early diagnosis and treatment it can be resolved in about 90% of the cases. The key to the successful treatment of this condition is the early detection and the immediate start of the treatment plan.

References

Coulter, C., Fetters, L., & Kaplan, S. L. (2013). Physical Therapy Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: An Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline. Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association, 248-394.

Hwang, J., Lee, H., Kim, J., Park, M., Kwack, K., Han, J., & Yim, S. (2012). Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Determinant for Surgical Release of Congenital Muscular Torticollis: Correlation with the Histopathologic Findings. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 36, 320-327.

Larsen, L. J. (1957). Congenital Toricollis. The American Journal of Nursing, 57 (5), 610-612.

Mansfield, P., & Neumann, D. (2009). Structure and Function of the Vertebral Column. In Essentials of kinesiology for the physical therapist assistant (2nd ed., p. 206). St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby Elsevier.

Nilesh, K. & Mukherji, S. (2013). Congenital Muscular Torticollis. Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery, 3(2),