The purpose of this experiment is to determine the pH of known substances by use of a pH color indicator of red cabbage and the use of a pH meter. As well as, to observe the pH changes in a substance by adding in more basic of acidic to buffered solutions and unbuffered solutions. This experiment will also will show how to calculate H3O+, OH- and pH by use of known values. In order to do this lab, there are a few key components one needs to know and understand first.…
This was done by documenting the state of matter, its smell using the wafting technique, color, and structure. Following this the solubility test was conducted. This was completed by taking 1g of the unknown compound and placing it within 100mL of distilled water inside a 150mL beaker. Stirring the solution using a glass rod, observations of the unknown compound dissolving (or not) after 10 seconds are recorded. Next follows the Anion Tests in which a chloride ion test and a sulfate test were conducted.…
One of the proposed ways to improve the separation of the two chemicals was to increase the volume of methanol used to elute in this step1.…
From the 36 mixtures there were certain mixtures that formed a colored precipitate i.e. white, black, brown, cream, and cloudy reactions were occurring. The reagent that was able to form the most precipitate was AgNO3 making the process of determining the compounds easier. After all of the solutions were determined the test tubes were washed with distilled water three times and put in to the waste bucket and the lab area was cleaned up by putting back the plastic dropper back in to place and wiping the counter…
Visual comparison of the available solid and aqueous compounds to the unknown was done first so as to eliminate unnecessary testing. A 30.0 g/mL solution of the unknown was made in a beaker by dissolving 1.000 g of the unknown in 30.0 mL of distilled water. Before weighing out 1.000 g of the unknown, the scale was zeroed out with a piece of weighing paper (square cut-out of normal paper) on it. Using a scoopula, 1.000 g was the compound was carefully placed on the weighing paper and measured to exactly 1.000 g. These same measurements and procedures were used when solutions of calcium chloride and nitric acid were created using separate beakers. Portions of each solution were then poured into test tubes (exact measurements were not necessary for this step).…
DISTILLATION The purpose of experiment 1, fractional distillation and gas chromatography, was to separate an unknown organic mixture into two liquids. The primary process of separation was fractional distillation, which utilizes the physical properties of the two unknown volatile liquids. Once the unknown mixture was successfully fractioned, gas chromatography was used to help determine the identity of the two unknown liquids. Fractional distillation and simple distillation both take advantage of two major physical properties to separate liquids.…
In this experiment, pinacol was mixed with sulfuric acid, which protonated the pinacol, allowing it to form a better leaving group. Water is the leaving group off of the pinacol and the pinacol becomes a carbocation. The carbocation that is formed is a secondary carbocation so, rearrangement occurs. A methyl shift happens to form a tertiary carbocation, which is more stable than a secondary carbocation. Then, the remaining oxygen forms a double bond causing it to have a positive charge; allowing the carbon that had a positive charge to have a full octet and to be neutral.…
Lingrui Ge Lab report October 18, 2015 Experiment #5 Separation and Qualitative Analysis of Cations CHEM 1315-088 Purpose of the experiment: To identify the substances that are present in a mixture. Materials: Test Solutions and Substances 6 M hydrochloric acid, HCl Sodium bismuthate, NaBiO3 (s) 6 M nitric acid, HNO3 0.1 M potassium thiocyanate, KSCN 6 M ammonia/ammonium hydroxide, NH3 3% hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 6 M sulfuric acid, H2SO4 Sodium bismuthate, NaBiO3 (s) 6 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH Cation Solutions 0.2 M silver nitrate, AgNO3 0.5 M lead (II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2 0.2 M mercury (I) nitrate, Hg2(NO3)2 0.2 M iron (III) nitrate, Fe(NO3)3 0.2 M copper (II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 0.2 M manganese (II) nitrate, Mn(NO3)2 Equipment…
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to establish a concrete understanding of limiting reagents and percent yields. In addition, the lab should give the administrator the ability to analyze the effects of reactants on the product of a chemical reaction. Procedure: In part A of the lab, the first step in the procedure is to add 20 mL, and 25 mL of CaCl2 to two different flasks.…
When beginning the experiment we observed and recorded the appearance of the materials in use like instructed. We weighed our materials out on a tared scale and placed them all in their corresponding test tube. We mixed and centrifuged our solution all three times for the appropriate times and decanted them accordingly. After getting all our liquid we heated up until a white solid formed, waited for it cool…
Which one of the fo llowing is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such l) as filtering or decanting? A) homogeneous mixture B) solutions 0 heterogeneous mixture D) elements E) compounds 2) An clement cannot 2) A) be part of a heterogeneous mixture Ji,) be a pure substance is corrccl for ___ _ 19) A) elements B) homogeneous mixtures Ohcterogeneous mixtures D) compounds 20) Which of the fo llowing is an example of a lieterogeneous mixture?…
The purpose of this experiment was to utilize fractional distillation to separate an equimolar mixture of cyclohexane and toluene. The success of this…
After starting with 30 mL of an unknown mixture of two solvents, fractional distillation and gas chromatography were used to identify the unknowns as acetone and toluene in a 1 to 2.04 ratio of acetone to toluene. Fractional distillation was first used to separate the unknown mixture into its components based on boiling point. Distillation refers to the method of separating components of a mixture through heating and cooling. Simple distillation, which is especially useful in the separation of less-volatile substances from volatile substances, such as sugar from water, can be used to separate a liquid-liquid mixture if the boiling points of the component liquids differ by more than 40-50°C. A plot of temperature versus volume for a simple…
Determination of the Concentration of Acid in Gastric Juice Introduction Titration is a method where a solution of known concentration is used to find the concentration of an unknown solution. A standard solution is a solution of precisely known concentration. The aim of this experiment was to go over the use of pipettes, burettes, titrations and also to reinforce the concept of molarity.…
As a result the filtrate becomes more concentrated as it passes down…