A. Exploring the Unconscious
i. Freud used free association, in which he told the patient to relax and say whatever came to mind. ii. Called his treatment techniques psychoanalysis iii. Beneath our awareness is the larger unconscious mind with its thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories.
1. Some of these memories we store in a preconscious area, from which we retrieve them into conscious awareness.
2. We repress, or forcibly block from our unconscious things that are too unsettling to acknowledge
B. Personality Structure
i. Id – unconscious psychic energy constantly striving to satisfy basic drives to survive, reproduce, and aggress.
1. Operates on the pleasure principle – seeking immediate gratification ii. Ego – Operating on the reality …show more content…
Person-centered perspective
2. All basically good if nurtured unde
a. Genuineness
b. Acceptance
c. Empathy
3. Self –concept – who am I?
4. Unconditional positive regard – people nurturing our growth by being accepting vii. Projective tests aim to provide this “psychological X-ray,” by asking test-takers to describe an ambiguous stimulus or tell a story about it . viii. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) – people view ambiguous pictures and then make up stories about them ix. Rorschach inkblot test – people describe what they see in a series of inkblots.
1. Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach
x. Terror-management theory – shows that thinking about one’s mortality provokes terror-management defenses
2. The trait perspective (493-503)
A. Traits – people’s characteristic behaviors and conscious motives
B. Factor analysis
i. Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of correlated test items that tap basic components of intelligence
C. Biology and Personality
i. Behavior inhibition is relatively low in extraverts ii. Extraverts tend to seek more dopamine-related activity
D. Assessing traits
i. Personality inventories – longer questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors – are designed to asses several traits at
i. Freud used free association, in which he told the patient to relax and say whatever came to mind. ii. Called his treatment techniques psychoanalysis iii. Beneath our awareness is the larger unconscious mind with its thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories.
1. Some of these memories we store in a preconscious area, from which we retrieve them into conscious awareness.
2. We repress, or forcibly block from our unconscious things that are too unsettling to acknowledge
B. Personality Structure
i. Id – unconscious psychic energy constantly striving to satisfy basic drives to survive, reproduce, and aggress.
1. Operates on the pleasure principle – seeking immediate gratification ii. Ego – Operating on the reality …show more content…
Person-centered perspective
2. All basically good if nurtured unde
a. Genuineness
b. Acceptance
c. Empathy
3. Self –concept – who am I?
4. Unconditional positive regard – people nurturing our growth by being accepting vii. Projective tests aim to provide this “psychological X-ray,” by asking test-takers to describe an ambiguous stimulus or tell a story about it . viii. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) – people view ambiguous pictures and then make up stories about them ix. Rorschach inkblot test – people describe what they see in a series of inkblots.
1. Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach
x. Terror-management theory – shows that thinking about one’s mortality provokes terror-management defenses
2. The trait perspective (493-503)
A. Traits – people’s characteristic behaviors and conscious motives
B. Factor analysis
i. Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of correlated test items that tap basic components of intelligence
C. Biology and Personality
i. Behavior inhibition is relatively low in extraverts ii. Extraverts tend to seek more dopamine-related activity
D. Assessing traits
i. Personality inventories – longer questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors – are designed to asses several traits at