Abstract: Amylase in the body is used to break down polysaccharides into monosaccharides. The monosaccharides are simple sugars that are used to give the body energy. This effect was investigated in an experiment designed to show the breaking down of starch solution. A water bath was used to heat water up to 60oc. Pieces of dialysis tubing were wet and had starch solution put inside.…
These amylases are to be tried at various temperatures fluctuating from 0° C to 80° C noted between 2 minute intervals until time extents to 10 minutes. This experiment will help define optimal temperatures of the bacterial amylase and the fungal amylase. It is predicted that at temperature of 55° C bacterial amylase will have its optimal temperature considering that bacteria number increases in warmer places. Furthermore, when the temperature is at 40° C, fungal amylase will have its optimal temperature considering that fungi thrive in cooler places. Additional matters to be attended in the following laboratory experiment are the denaturation of enzymes at a certain temperatures and enzyme activity as temperatures increase or decrease in relation to the optimal…
Enzymes, usually proteins, are biological molecules that increase chemical reactions. Enzymes are important for survival and they help out in several different functions throughout the body, such as assisting metabolism and digestion. Though not all, some enzymes take apart huge molecules into smaller parts which can be much simpler for the body to digest. For each experiment, I came up with a hypothesis before testing/knowing the results.…
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch. Among other factors, high temperatures denature enzymes. Through experimentation this was not observed. The results of the experiment resulted in flawed data. By human error, a mistake was made that affected how well the enzymes synthesized starch.…
There are three major reasons that enzymes are important. The first reason is that enzymes speed up chemical reactions, and every chemical reaction…
Introduction Enzymes are specialized proteins that act as catalysts. Enzymes are a key part of many biological processes because they are capable of lowering the activation energy of a chemical reaction. By lowering the activation energy enzymes are able to speed up reactions allowing for multiple chemical processes to occur at a faster rate in many living organisms. Enzymes work by binding to specific molecules called substrates. The enzyme observed in this experiment was amylase and its corresponding substrate was starch, by binding together amylase was able to break down starch into maltose.…
Since I am from South-Asian descent (specifically from Bangladesh), statistically we consume a higher amount of starch and so if starch consumption is relatively high in my ancestral diet, then the amount of AMY1A diploid gene copies in my body will be higher and not close to the mean, therefore I will have an increased amount of amylase production. This was tested once my DNA had been extracted, we had used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to magnify a certain area of the AMY1A…
Enzymes bind to substrates, lowering the energy barrier so that the chemical reaction occurs at a faster rate. Catalase, a common enzyme that is found in almost all living organisms who are…
A major area where enzymes are present a lot in is the food industry. A lot of the food we eat contain enzymes. Lactase is an enzyme that a lot of people know about. It cuts lactose into its smaller sugars: galactose and glucose. When the small intestine of a human does not produce a sufficient amount of this enzyme, this condition is known as the lactose intolerant, which is when a human has discomfort in the form of cramps, gas and diarrhea when they eat/drink milk products.…
Introduction: All organisms depend on the action of enzymes to carry out the reactions of life. According to the text in Campbell Biology, enzymes are biological catalysts. These globular proteins speed the rate at which metabolic processes occur by lowering the activation energy or the energy barrier required to transform reactants to products. Each enzyme is specific, each containing active sites destined for a substrate. Substrates are the reactants or starting materials of chemical reactions.…
The purpose of this experiment is to find the relationship between the number of amylase gene copies that an individual has, the concentration of amylase and how this is related to the diets of their ancestors. The hypothesis states that if our ancestors consumed high starch diets, then the amylase gene copy number will be higher, consequently our amylase concentration will also be higher. The absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of the coloured molecule that is in solution. So, from this I created a calibration curve, using different amylase concentrations and absorbance. Using PCR, I amplified an area of the AMY1A gene.…
To investigate the effects of concentration on the activity of salivary amylase Hypothesis: The lower the concentration of the salivary amylase, the less the enzyme activity and vice-versa is true provided that other factors such as temperature and the pH are kept constant. Variables: Independent variables: • the concentration of the salivary amylase Dependent variables: • the enzymatic activity • the colour change of the saliva solution Controlled variables: • the temperature…
Mental health Other than Obesity being a concern for dogs, mental health and anxiety is a problem for many dogs too. Mental health problems are aggression, anxiety, disobedience, and nervousness (Bennett, 2006). Separation anxiety is a major mental health problem in dogs. This anxiety creates stress, which makes a dog have to act out from distress. Acting out can be seen by either vocalization (barking, wining, howling), or property destruction (chewing paper, cloth, couch), or sometimes both, by the dog (McCrave, 1991).…
Even though I am born and raised Canadian, I always grew up surrounded by my Dutch heritage. Not in the language we spoke but in the stereotypes and beliefs that family believed to be about who we were. I remember my parents having a conversation when I was young regarding Dutch peoples work ethic. They talked about how Dutch people may be cheap, but they were hard workers. Due to this, I have always been a thrifty shopper and a dedicated worker.…
The commonly used test for saliva in the forensic laboratories are presumptive tests for the presence of amylase, not a confirmatory test, amylase, which is merely a component of saliva. The amylase tests which is usually either the Phadebas test or the starch-iodine radial diffusion test, will indicate a positive result if amylase is present and will also give an indication for the quantity of amylase present. Generally, a strongly positive amylase test is a good indication for the presence of saliva. However, it is important to be aware of what sort of sample is yielding the positive result.…