NMR spectroscopy

WHAT IS NMR SPECTROCOPY? By definition, NMR spectroscopy is a research technique that makes use of the fact that certain atomic nuclei exhibit magnetic property to determine their chemical and physical properties for various uses that we’ll discuss later. History of NMR Spectroscopy Year Individual Discovery 1921 Stern and Gerlach Basis of quantum theory is confirmed by carrying out atomic and molecular beam experiments 1925 Ulhenbeck & Goudsmith Discovered the concept of spinning electron to the magnetic dipole moment. 1938 Isidor Rabi Described Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in molecular beams 1943 Stern Nobel prize – Discovery of magnetic momentum of the proton 1944 Isidor Rabi Nobel Prize- Discovery of resonance method 1952 Bloch…

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging can be used to investigate, noninvasively, a wide range of biological processes in systems as diverse as protein solutions, single cells, isolated perfused organs, and tissues in vivo. It is also possible to combine different NMR techniques enabling metabolic, anatomical, and physiological information to be obtained in the same experiment. This review provides a simple overview of the basic principles of NMR and outlines both the…

Interactions of Nucleobases: NMR Investigations by H. Sapper and W. Lohmann Introduction Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is often a very useful tool to identify organic molecules based on the atomic nuclei interactions with their environment. Recent advances have made use of the technology in protein, nucleic acid, and complex natural products structure identification. [1, 2, 3] Its origins lie in the works of Felix Bloch and Edward Purcell, who used the discoveries of Isidor…

The banana-yellow coloured solution was stirred for 30 minutes, then 1 (6.00 g, 1 equiv, 45.4 mmol) was slowly added over 30 minutes, resulting in a milky brown solution colour. The solution was stirred for a further 18 hours following which two aliquots of hexanes (100ml) were added. The solution was filtered through a pad of silica, and then concentrated in vacuo and the product was purified by column chromatography (10% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give a colourless oil (1.21 g, 9.30 mmol)…

Experiment 5 Synthesis and NMR Spectroscopy of ethyl cinnamate Introduction: Wittig reactions involve the stereoselective synthesis of olefins from phosphonium ylides and aldehydes or ketones, where the carbonyl bond is converted to an alkene double bond.1 The variety of suitable reagents and the relatively mild experimental conditions facilitate their industrial applications, such as the synthesis of epoxides, esters, carotenoids and vitamin A.2,3 Specifically, the ester ethyl cinnamate is used…

cold ethanol was used to transfer the powder-like crystals. This error is also why there is a difference between the amount of partially purified product, and the purified product. The use of more solvent during all of the transfers would have increased the amount of product recovered, therefore increasing the percent yield. In order to confirm the identity of the product as 6-ethoxycarbonyl-3,5-diphenyl-2-cyclohexenone, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and melting point analysis was performed. For product…

Types of Spectroscopy used in Organic Chemistry 1.1 Introduction Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and light (electromagnetic radiation) (Crouch & Skoog, 2007). It is often phrased as the light of knowledge (Reusch, 2013). In the past, spectroscopy started by the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength by a prism (Anon., n.d.). Now, with the knowledge of light having both wave-like and particle-like characteristics, with given frequency or…

3. Objective In this project, a coordination compound, [Co(II)EDTA]2− will be prepared and its magnetic moment will be determined by NMR spectroscopy. A full picture of the clock behaviour will be presented through the combination of measurements provided by NMR spectroscopy alongside those obtained using more orthodox techniques such as UV spectrometry and pH measurements. The experiment in Dr. Evans paper will replicated using the same measurements and techniques. This project is to serve as a…

Early detection and diagnosis of chronic disease is of vital importance in the development of an effective treatment plan. Typical diagnostic methodology involves a multistep approach consisting of a differential diagnosis, pattern recognition, and a final clinical component. The lengthy process must be completed before any treatment options are considered often resulting in over/under diagnosis, error, and lag-time. It would be of great benefit to develop a more effective system to heighten the…

The only compounds that were used for this plate were the spearmint oil, standard for carvone, and the carvone product. The solvent was hexane:ethyl acetate (90:10). This, along with the spotted TLC plate, were added to a 150 ml beaker and covered with a watch glass. The solvent was allowed to move up the plate. The TLC was removed and examined with an iodine jar and a UV light. Each spot had its Rf value recorded. A 10 ml graduated cylinder was filled with hexane. Then, two microliters of the…