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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What type of strengthening exercise offers variable resistance?
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Isotonic
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What are the 3 classifications of strengthening exercises?
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Isotonic, isometric and isokinetic
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What type of strengthening exercise offers accommodating resistance?
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Isokinetic
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What percentages of the 10 RM are used in both the Delorme and Oxford techniques?
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100, 50, 75
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What sequence does the Oxford technique use?
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100 then 75 then 50 (regressive)
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What are some advantages of isometric strengthening exercises?
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They don't create shear forces, can be done early on in a rehab program without causing irritation to the injury, inexpensive
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True or False: endurance training requires the use of light weights and several repetitions.
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TRUE
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What principle needs to be followed in order to properly strengthen a muscle?
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Overload
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What kind of contractions are associated with isotonics?
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Concentric and eccentric
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Name a disadvantage of using isotonic with weights.
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Strengthening occurs in the weakest part of the range of motion only.
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What have manufactures done to overcome the disadvantage of performing isotonics with weights?
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They have added a cam that deflects the pull of the resistance thus allowing for variable resistance throughout the ROM
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True or False: according to Pascal's law, the amount of pressure exerted on a body in water increases as the depth of immersion increases.
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TRUE
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Cameron page 247
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Name the two factors that contribute to an increase in the work of breathing in patients who's whole body is immersed in water?
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Shift of venous blood from the peripheral to central circulation and hydrostatic pressure on the chest wall.
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Page 251
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What are the benefits of buoyancy in the rehab of patients.
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Buoyancy is used to decrease the weightbearing forces on joints. Neck-90% reduction in WB, Xiphoid-70%reduction and ASIS-50%
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What are the physiological effects of hydrotherapy?
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Cleansing, Musculoskeletal, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal and Psychological
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Cameron page 266
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What are the MS effects associated with aquatic therapy?
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Decreased WB forces, Strengthening, More fat loss than with other forms of exercise, slowed bone density loss
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True or False: If the specfic gravity of an object is less than 1, then it will float in water.
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TRUE
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Page 263
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What property of water provides resistance to the motion of a body in water?
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Viscosity
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True or False: The amount of resistance offered by water increases in proportion to the speed of the body's motion.
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True
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Name the 5 contraindicaitions for FULL body immersion hydrotherapy.
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Cardiac insufficiency, infectious conditions that can spread by water, bowel incontinence, severe epilepsy, and suicidal patients
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What kind of whirlpool should be used with full body immersion?
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Hubbard Tank
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Page 268
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What is the ratio of warm water immersion to cold water immersion when perfroming a contract bath?
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3 or 4 minutes:1 minute
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Page 270
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What should the temperture of the water be when using a whirlpool to achieve soft tissue extensibility?
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40-43 degrees C or 104-110 degrees F
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Page 267
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True or false: when performing a contrast bath on a patient, the patient should end the treatment in the warm water.
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True
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Page 270
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What temperature range should an excerise pool be kept at?
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26-36 degrees C or 79-97 degrees F
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Page 270
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True or false: the water temperature for an exercise pool should not be allowed to be below 20 degrees C.
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False, 18.5 degrees C or 65 degrees C
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Page 270
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What method of measuring exercise intensity should be used with patients involved in a water exercise program?
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Preceived exertion
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Page 251
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True or False: peforming an exercise in water increases the metabolic rate and energy expenditure by approximately a factor of 3 when compared to the same activity performed at the same speed in water as on dry land.
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True
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Page251
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What are 6 adverse effects assoicated with hydrotherapy?
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Drowing, Burns, fainting and bleeding, hyponatermia, infection, aggravation of edema and asthma excerbation
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When cleaning a whirlpool after a patient who had an open wound, what should the PTA use first, detergent or disinfectant?
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The detergent should be used first because most disinfectants are inactivated in the presence of blood or tissue debris.
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True or False: The mode of exercise refers to the type of contraction the patient is performing.
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True
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6th Edition page 175
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Name 3 variables that can alter the amount of resistance offered by theraband?
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Color, the amount of tension and the angle that the theraband is to the moving part. To get maximum resistance the theraband resistance should be at a 90 degree angle.
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Theraband offers what kind of resistance?
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Variable
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What is the sequence of muscle contractions that produce the most force to the least amount of force?
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Eccentric, Isometric and Concentric
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Define Hypertrophy
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An increase in the size of an individual muscle fiber caused by an increase in myofibrillar volume.
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Define Hyperplasia
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An increase in the number of muscle fibers.
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What is the volume of exercise if a patient does 1 set of 10 reps using 2, 4, and 6 pounds.
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120 (2x10+4x10+6x10)
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What is the relationship of load and reps when trying to increase endurance?
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Low load and high reps
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What is the relationship of load and reps when trying to increase strength?
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High loads and low reps
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What type of muscle fibers have a high resistance to fatigue?
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Tonic, slow-twitch (type I)
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What is the recommended rest time between sets when performing rigorous strengthening exercises?
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3-4 minutes
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Define Overload
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If muscle performance is to improve, then they must be challenged to perform at a level greater than that to which it is accustomed
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What kind of contraction works against gravity?
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Concentric
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True or False: Patients should be instructed to exhale during exertion.
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True
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Box 6.11 page 194
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List the contraindications for Resistive Exercises.
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Pain, inflammation and Severe cardio-vascular disease
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When performing isometric exercises, what increment (in degrees) do you need to progress the patient?
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10 degrees
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Name a closed kinetic exercise for the triceps.
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Push-up
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A patient is performing shoulder flexion in supine with a weight. Describe the type of contractions that occur during the exercise.
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0-90 degrees, concentric shoulder flexors, 90-180 degrees, eccentric to the shoulder extensors
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Name 4 strategies that you can use to avoid a Valsalva maneuver?
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1. Caution the patient about breath-holding
2. Ask the patient to count 3. Have the patient exhale with each resisted effort 4. Do not let high-risk patients perform high-intensity resistance exercises |
Page 194
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Differentiate overtraining from overwork.
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Overtraining pertains to a decline in physical performance in healthy individuals participating in high-intensity, high-volume strength and endurance training programs.
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Page 195
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DOMS is associated with what types of muscle contractions?
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Eccentric
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True of False: with a concentric contraction, greater number of motor units must be recruited to control the same load compared to eccentric contraction.
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True
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True of False: training induced gains in muscle strength and mass are greater with maximum-effort concentric training than max-effort eccentric training.
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False, eccentric
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Box 6.8 pate 182 6th Edition
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True of False: greater loads can be controlled with eccentric than concentric exercise.
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True
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Box 6.8 pate 182 6th Edition
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True or False, eccentric contractions require more oxygen then concentric contractions.
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False, less
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6th edition page 182
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