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Tell me about bacterial chromosomes
- usually 1 chromosome
- circular form
- double stranded
- bacteria = 5 million base pairs (bp)
- humans = 50-245 million (bp) in each chromosome
- nucleoid: compaction of DNA in the center of a cell
Tell me about Bacterial DNA
Bacterial DNA is supercooled and organized. DNA binding proteins associated with winding DNA for compaction and organization.
What are plasmids?
List their characteristics
Plasmids are DNA elements outside of the chromosome.
Characteristics:
- extrachromosomal (not connected to chromosome)
- replicate independently
- 1-5% size of chromosome
- contains 5-100 genes
- non essential
- can confer certain traits (antibiotic resistance, virulence, etc)
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