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Surface Area
Volume ration decreases as the size of any three-dimensional object increases.
Diffusion
The net movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration down a gradient, as a result of the random movements of particles.
Facilitated Diffusion
The diffusion of a substance through transport proteins in a cell membrane.
The proteins provide hyprophilic areas that allow the molecules or ions to pass through the membrane which would otherwise be less permeable to them.
Osmosis
The net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential, through a partially permeable membrane, as a result of their random motion.
Active Transport
The movement of molecules or ions through transport proteins across a cell membrane, against their concentration gradient, using energy from ATP.
Endocytosis
The bulk movement of liquids (pinocytosis) or solids (phagocytosis) into a cell, by the infolding of the cell surface membrane to form vesicles containing the substance.
Exocytosis
The bulk movement of liquids or solids out of a cell, by the fusion of vesicles containing the substance with the cell surface membrane.
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