When McKinsey introduced the gap he described it as On average, black and Latino students are roughly two to three years of learning behind white students of the same age (McKinsey, 2009).
McKinsey used graphs varying from the black to white gap of different states to the NAEP test scores of average reading and math of white, Latino, and black students. Using their own graphs McKinsey draws conclusions to support the racial achievement gap. However, McKinsey never explained why the conclusions he drew were valid. For example, McKinsey draws the conclusion that in Texas, low-income black students have the same average score on the fourth grade NAEP as low-income white students in Alabama (McKinsey, 2009).
After stating this McKinsey just assumes that his reader believes the information in front of him even though there is only numbers as proof and no cause. An example of a cause McKinsey could of used would be: education systems in Texas have family based programs that help minorities. McKinsey states the reason for not including causes