Offenders who represent the majority of crimes committed by minors, sometimes called serious offenders, violent, and chronic.
During most of the 1980s, the number of juvenile arrests (ages 10-17) remained stable. Since 1988, the juvenile arrest rate increased dramatically and peaked in 1994.
The overall decline in youth crime corresponded to a significant improvement in the economy and lower unemployment in adolescence. Other possible explanations for the decline in youth violence include speculation that (a) the cocaine, "crack" (b) improving the enforcement of arms, (c) policies …show more content…
School failure, including poor school performance and dropout, is significantly related to serious crime. Farrington 's research indicated that high rates of truancy and discipline problems were associated with violent crime.
PARTNERS Delinquents, including brothers is related to serious crimes during adolescence. Furthermore, the lack of strong social ties with peers and adults appropriate is a significant predictor of serious criminal offenses
RISK FACTORS; FAMILY STRUCTURE AND FAMILY SIZE. A risk assessment study and protective factors in child crime revealed that single-parent households, families with many children and divorced parents are all risk factors for juvenile delinquency. A combination of more siblings, the less parental influence and greater partnerships between antisocial peers have been attributed to higher delinquencies.
Parenting practices. Sampson and Laub (1993) identified four factors that predicted parenting juvenile delinquency. These include erratic discipline and hard practices, lack of parental supervision, parental rejection, and weak bonds between parents and …show more content…
Family poverty is also a predictor of the outcome of delinquency; SES is a predictor of violent behavior in young people between the ages of 6 and 12, as well as between 12 and 15. The socioeconomic status was a better predictor of violent behavior that other characteristics of the family, IQ of young people, and broken home factors in both age groups (Derzon, 1997).
NEIGHBORHOOD FACTORS neighborhood or community poverty and social disorganization. Being raised in a poor neighborhood was associated with participation in crime and violence. Living in a neighborhood that is characterized by the availability of drugs and firearms, adult unemployment and adult criminal behavior may also contribute to the levels of crime and violence. Slums are generally more likely to suffer from disorganization neighborhood. (Generally characterized by weak social control networks that cannot deal with criminal activity)
Another study on the social organization of the community found that children who were raised in communities with high levels of sense of community were more likely to engage in prosocial behavior (Cantillon, Davidson, and Schweitzer,