Pectin Essay

Superior Essays
1.3. Nutritional Aspects of Pectin:
Pectin plays significant industrial roles in different fields. Its physical and chemical properties make it a valuable material in the food and pharmaceutical industries (May, 1990) (21).
1.3.1. Source of dietary fiber:
The fruits and vegetables which are specially rich in pectins have dietary fiber contents in the range of 1-2%.Pectin fibers have higher hydration properties than other fibers and this property is exploited in its use as a constitutional component in foods, as in bakery products (Srivastava and Malviya, 2011) (22). Pectin's adsorbent and bulk-forming properties have confirmed its use in some multi-ingredient anti constipation and anti diarrheal medication.
1.3.2. Prebiotic effect:
Some fermentation
…show more content…
Pectinolytic enzymes are classified according to their mode of action on the galacturonic part of the pectin molecule that attack pectin and depolymerize it by hydrolysis and trans-elimination as well as by de-esterification reactions into three main groups (Seymour, 2002) (30). Polygalacturonase (PGase) and pectate lyase (PLase) (EC 4.2.2.2) split the molecular chains of the respective polymers (Kashyap et al., 2001) (29). Pectin methyl esterase (PME) (EC 3.1.11) hydrolyzes the ester linkage between carboxyl and methyl groups of pectin and release methanol. Endopolygalacturonase (EC3.2.1.15) and exo-polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.67) are the enzymes of particular interest to industry because they act on pectin, hydrolyzing its internal and external glycosidic bonds, producing shorter pectin molecular structures, decreasing the viscosity, increasing the yield of juices, and determining the crystalline structure of the final product (Souza ,2003) …show more content…
Pectinolytic enzymes are produced by many organisms like bacteria, fungi, yeasts, insects, nematodes, protozoan and plants. Of that, microbial pectinases have more advantages as it involves in the phytopathologic process, plant–microbe Symbiosis and the decay of dead plant materials (Danielle, 2009) (33). In the industrial section, acidic pectinases are utilized in the extraction and clarification of fruit juices (Rombouts and Pilnik 1986) (34), while alkalophilic pectinases are finding large use in the degumming of ramie fibers (Cao et al. 1992) (35), retting of flax (Sharma, 1987) (36), plant protoplast formation and treatment of eluent discharged from fruit processing units (Tanabe et al.1987) (37). Although the main sources of acidic pectinases are fungi, alkaline pectinases are produced from alkalophilic bacteria, mainly Bacillus

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    However, when the substrate concentration was increased, the intensity of color stopped increasing due to the enzymes being unable to to process at a faster rate. All of the alternate hypothesizes were supported; in the experiments, section one (with Figure 1) had an optimal temperature at approximately 24°C; section two (with Figure 2) had an optimal pH at approximately pH8; in section 3 (with Figure 3) the color continued to increase with the addition of more enzymes; and in section 4 (with Figure 4) the color continued to increase until it reached a maximum velocity with the addition of more substrates. One desired retrial for the experiment would be to test for more points after 20 drops of potato juice in Figure 3. Understanding the effects of how these properties alter the ability of the catecholase enzyme could allow for better insight into decreasing time needed for biochemical reactions, proper food storage, and the condition of…

    • 753 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Introduction: Enzymes have a huge effect on the human body and other organisms. Enzymes are catalysts that are used to accelerate the reaction process by lowering the activation energy. For this experiment the catechol oxidase was extracted from potatoes. The enzyme is called catechol oxidase because the oxygen is reacting to catechol. Catechol oxidase causes the browning of the fruits and vegetables because the compound is toxic to the bacteria.…

    • 1142 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Peroxidase Lab Report

    • 1615 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The effect that temperatures at 4°C, 23°C, 32°C, and 48°C , pH 3, 5, 7, and 9, the boiled extract, and hydroxylamine had on the peroxidase enzyme extracted from Brassica rapa. Emma O’Donoghue Fundamentals of Biology I Lab Professor William Olsen October 8, 2015 Abstract The purpose of this lab was to determine the effects that a number of factors had on enzyme activity. The enzyme used during this lab was peroxidase, which was extracted from the organism Brassica rapa.…

    • 1615 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Results of the experiment for the fungal amylase activity were in support of previous research; similar to Serrano and Peralta’s (2015) study, optimum amylase activity was clearly indicated in the results. Denaturation was also clearly indicated with regards to fungal amylase. According to the data gathered in our experiment, the optimum range for bacterial amylase activity appears to fall between 25° C and 55° C, with the lowest averages falling in the 55° C column in Table 2. The process of denaturation also appears to have begun around 85° C.…

    • 724 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Potato Catalase Lab

    • 621 Words
    • 3 Pages

    1.)During the lab and based on recorded observations it can be deduced that the enzyme catalase found in potatoes only reacted to hydrogen peroxide. This is do to the fact that before 10 ml of hydrogen peroxide was added to each test tube residing 3 potato samples and the designated liquid, no reaction was observed. Thus demonstrating the catalase's inability to react to vinegar, soda, water, detergent, and Na OH. Furthermore, shortly after the hydrogen peroxide was added to the liquids of diverse ph levels, a rapid and prominent throng of bubbles began to appear, which demonstrates the mediate reaction the hydrogen peroxide had on catalase.…

    • 621 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Catalase Lab

    • 1439 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The purpose of this lab was to find the optimal temperature for the highest efficiency of Catalase. Catalase is a common enzyme almost present in all living organisms and was obtained by extracting the juice out of potatoes in a complex process that could be a lab itself. It was hypothesized that as the temperature was increased the rate at which the Catalase reactions would be speeded up. A 1% solution of Hydrogen Peroxide was placed in the Catalase and the speed at which the reaction occurred was measured with a stopwatch in seconds. (The stopwatch was stopped once a small filter paper disk soaked in the Hydrogen Peroxide rose)…

    • 1439 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Coppelia Essay

    • 523 Words
    • 3 Pages

    For this assignment i have chosen two dance production, coppelia and Poetry in Dance. Coppelia is based on a story by E.T.A. Hoffman. It is a three-act ballet that tells the light-hearted story of the mysterious Dr Coppélius who owns a beautiful life-sized mechanical doll. The show had original choreography by Arthur St. Léon, Coppélia is staged with additional choreography by Janek Schergen.…

    • 523 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Potato Lab

    • 896 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The five drops of hydrogen peroxide and, when applicable, one millimeter of catalase was added to the tube first. We then executed the transformations listed above as independent variables to alter the pH or the temperature, whether it was using an ice bath or adding a base or acid solution. After two minutes had passed, we took a ruler to measure the height of the bubbles and recorded it. To analyze this new data, we compared the different amounts for each trial to deduce how environmental factors affected enzyme activity. This study is a controlled experiment designed to investigate enzymes and practice interpreting…

    • 896 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Citrus Pectin Benefits

    • 378 Words
    • 2 Pages

    It is Properly "Modified" for Best Results Since Modified Citrus Pectin is not a carefully defined term in the supplement industry, beware that there are multiple citrus pectin products that will not have the same effect as seen in these published studies. That's because, unlike PectaSol-C®, the molecules they contain are simply too large to be easily absorbed and used by your body. PectaSol-C® is the only MCP with the correct molecular weight and structure of < 15 kDa (kilodaltons) and a low degree of esterification, for optimal health support as demonstrated in the published literature. * PectaSol-C® is Patented PectaSol-C® MCP is a special class of pectin developed by Dr. Isaac Eliaz, MD, MS, LAc. Dr. Eliaz has researched and published articles on modified citrus pectin for over a decade.…

    • 378 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Discussion: The specific purpose for this study was to see how enzyme activity would change as there was a change in temperature and pH. Both temperature and pH were hypothesized to have an affect on enzyme activity. Each had an optimal temperature. At this point, the rate of enzyme activity would stop increasing and begin to decrease. For temperature, it was hypothesized that the optimal temperature would be 48°C.…

    • 1717 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Périgord Essay

    • 832 Words
    • 4 Pages

    As mentioned above Périgord region has been inhabited from prehistoric times. With its mild climate - it is believed to have been on the northern border of the human settlements during the last glacial era - dense game rich forests and caves that provided a natural shelter, the region was an ideal habitat for the prehistoric man. The earliest traces of human presence date back to Inferior Paleolithic - but the majority of the uncovered artifacts, including the famous caves of the Vezere river valley, called "The Valley of Mankind", belong to the Superior Paleolithic between 30,000 and 10,000 years ago. During the antiquity the territory of France – known as Gaul from the Latin Gallia - was inhabited by a population called "les Gaulois" the…

    • 832 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Abstract The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether the temperature can affect the reaction rate of enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was measured by five different temperatures, separated in tubes which later got measured by their height of foam after 10 minutes. Freshly-prepared potato juice was used as the enzyme for catalase. Since temperature is measured by the kinetic energy of molecules, the higher the temperature, the more movement of molecules.…

    • 805 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it took for the reaction to occur. To investigate the effect of the concentration of the substrate on the reaction time, four test tubes were used.…

    • 1027 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Introduction Debates concerning the health effects of artificial sweeteners are relevant not only for scientists and dieticians, but also for diabetics and individuals who are trying to lose weight. According to the American Diabetes Association (2014), aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet); acesulfame potassium (Sunett, Sweet One); neotame; sucralose (Splenda); saccharin (Sweet ‘N Low, Sweet Twin, Sugar Twin); and advantame are six alternatives to natural sugar that are commonly added to foods and incorporated into store-bought foods. Rebaudioside A (Stevia) is a natural sweetener that is also quite common (para. 3, 5). The benefits of artificial sweeteners include their concentrated flavor and their low calorie content.…

    • 1366 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    PTA Essay

    • 707 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Allied health careers such as a Physical Therapist Assistant are very much in demand, and the need for a qualified physical therapist assistant is growing at a rapid speed. Individuals choosing the field of Physical Therapy as a licensed PTA have good personal characteristics and attributes; it sets them for greater success as a physical therapist assistant. My personal characteristics and attributes that will benefit the PTA program at Volunteer State Community College and PTA career are adaptable, hardworking, compassionate, team player, and well-rounded. My ability to adapt to any situations under any circumstances will bring great benefits to the PTA program and the PTA career.…

    • 707 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays