Neuman believed that person should be seen as a whole regardless of their health. Nursing is a system of “. . . wellness—illness and organization—disorganization states” (Neuman, 1989, p. 11). Because it has a wide variety approach to the client as a whole, this model of nursing allows a nurse to use this model for an individual, a group, a community or a social issue (Neuman, 1989). This theory takes into consideration the four metaparadigm concepts of nursing: person, environment, health and nursing. These major concepts are defined to provide structure and discipline to nursing. They are further identified throughout the Neuman …show more content…
External forces are not only interactions with other people, but the environment a person may be exposed to. This can include culture, location, economics, social, and technology. This is a major concept because a client can affect their health by changing their environmental factors. Masters identifies the environmental factors affected by Neuman as the internal environment, the external environment, and the created environment (2012). According to Neuman (1989), the environment can have a positive or negative influence at any given