1. Differentiate Morals from Ethics.
Morality can be defined as the principles of people’s lives which they follow for right and wrong things. In other words, ‘morality’ is meant the standards of rightness and the ways through people can judge human behaviours. Morals deal with culturally transmitted standards of right and wrong. According to my opinion, morals show one’s actions are good in some way. Morality is the distinction between right and wrong. There are number of definitions for morality from past to present. Some definitions are given in forthcoming lines.
Based on “Webster New World Dictionary of American Language”, moral is thing that related with skill to decide right and wrong of behaviour that accepted by all people. According to Stemberg (1994-938), morality refers to concern with what is good or right in people’s relationships with each other. A key to understand morality is to be clean understanding of good (or bad) and right (or wrong). Following are the some examples of morality in society: 1) Do not gossip 2) Tell the truth 3) Do not vandalize property 4) Have courage Ethics involves the systematic study of right and wrong behaviour. It means to do the right things. Historically, the term ‘ethics’ comes from Greek ‘ethos’ which means the customs, habits and more of people. According to the Theory of Boundless “Defining Ethics” Boundless Management Boundless, (21 July, 2015) “ethics are the set of principles that guide a person’s behaviour. These morals shaped by social and cultural practicing and religious influences. Ethics reflect believes about what is right, what is unjust, what is good, and what is bad in terms of human behaviour”. They serve as a compass to direct how people should behave towards each other, understand and achieve their obligations. Since both deal with right and wrong, there is not much difference in these but basically ethics is the study of morals. “Ethics and morals both look same but these two are completely different from each other. It means, it may be ethical for someone to consume alcohol, after all there is no rule or code for it but at the same time the same person may got a job in alcohol firm. This implies that ethics define the code that a society or group of people follow the morality to get into right and wrong at a much deeper level, which is both personal and spiritual. The ethics that a person follows are impacted upon by external resources like the nations, society, religion and profession and could change with a change in any of these resources” as this is cleat at “DifferenceBetween” website (www.Differencebetween.net/business/difference-between-ethics-and-morals/). For instance fox hunting in England was ethical till the other day, because that was the tradition and there was no law against it. But the recent laws banning it as illegal, and the widespread protests against the evil nature of sport caused a cessation of the tradition supporting it, and therefore it became unethical. Morals on other hand are made of sterner stuff, and usually do not change. It will for instance always immoral to murder another human being, no matter who the person …show more content…
The artificial identification of our own interests with others means that human beings always act in such a way that promotes the general happiness as this would provide the benefits to all people for long term.
Types of Utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham divides utilitarianism into different forms as given below:
1. Act Utilitarianism
This is the simplest and straight-forward type. Act utilitarianism advices us to judge each individual action from its outcome only. If it is a choice between two different actions, we are obliged to take the one which would provide the most happiness for most people.
The main problem with this is that it could permit some illegal or wrong acts such as employing 40 child labourers in India to make cheaper product for a cloth company in USA, the profit for the great number of shareholders in the company would be greatly increased.
2. Rule Utilitarianism
Rule Utilitarianism is not concerned with individually acts but with the utility of rule for action. It means judge an act in such a way so everyone should obey this ruke.
3. Negative