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What is the small intestine the site of?
The small intestine is the site of terminal digestion of food
What does the ileum consist of?
Itconsists of three parts: the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileumwhich have common histological and topographical features aswell as distinctions allowing each region to be identified
Which sections are retroperitoneal and which are intraperitoneal?
Theduodenum is, for the most part, a retroperitoneal structure whilethe jejunum and ilium are intraperitoneal.
What does the inner lining of the small intestine form?
Throughout its length the inner lining forms a series of ridges, theplicae circularis, which are covered with tall finger-like projectionsof the mucosa to form villi
What are between these tubular glands?
Between these are the tubular glandsor crypts of Lieberkuhn which extend to or beyond the musculariscoat
What is the epithelium of the small intestine?
The epithelium of the small intestine is simple columnar(enterocytes) with goblet cells
What are the simple columnar cells?
The simple columnar cells are theabsorptive cells and have a brush border to increase their surfacearea.
What features of the small intestine enhance it's surface area?
The small intestine hasa folded mucosal coat,a series of villi and anepithelium with a brushborder. All thesefeatures greatlyincrease the surfacearea.
Why do the ducts of the gall bladder and pancreas open into the duodenum?
The ducts of the gall bladder and pancreas open into the duodenum bringing digestiveenzymes, bicarbonate (to counter the acidic chyme entering the duodenum from thestomach and bile salts from the liver to emulsify the fats
How does the membrane change from the jejunum to the ileum?
There is a decrease inthe folding of themucous membraneand an increase inlymphoid tissue fromjejunum to ileum
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