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What is the largest glandular tissue in the body? Size?
Liver - 1200g to 1800g- 12-15 cm top to bottom- 15-18 cm across- Males: 1.8 kg (avg weight)- Females: 1.4 kg (avg weight)
What are the lobes of the liver? Which are the biggest?
- Right- Left- Quadrate- CaudateR and L lobes make up the bulk
What blood does the liver receive? Origin?
Receives mainly venous blood, arriving directly from the spleen, pancreas, and intestine
What are the implications of the liver receiving venous blood from the spleen, pancreas, and intestine?
It is the first organ to encounter any ingested toxic substances as well as nutrients
What kind of tissue makes up the liver?
- Bulk is uniform parenchymal cells = hepatocytes- Sparse connective tissue
What are the functions of the liver?
- Detox metabolic waste products- Synthesize plasma lipoproteins- Synthesize blood clotting factors- Synthesis, secretion, and storage of carbs and lipids- Destruction of spent RBCs and recovery of constituents- Synthesis and secretion of bile
What are the two types of properties of the liver? How do they differ?
Endocrine- From hepatocytes directly into the hepatic blood- Includes: albumin, fibronectin, transferrin, prothrombin, lipoproteins, α-1-antitrypsin, glucose (after glycogen breakdown), and thyroxin (highly active form)Exocrine- Production of bile
What happens to endocrine secretions from the hepatocytes? Which ones?
- Directly enter the hepatic blood- Albumin, fibronectin, transferrin, prothrombin, lipoproteins, α-1-antitrypsin, glucose (after glycogen breakdown), and thyroxin (highly active form of thyroid hormone)
What compound is produced by hepatocytes to be released for exocrine function?
Bile
What are the four functional groups of liver components?
- Connective tissue- Large vessels (including blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and bile ducts)- Sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids - which line the plates of hepatocytes and are responsible for blood flow through the liver)- Hepatocytes
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