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Neonate and infants have a decreased metabolism and excretion of drugs because of immature
Decreased
As a result of immature kidney function, drugs are eliminated more slowly, requiring vigilant monitoring for toxicity
Client teaching to family members with children includes:
instructing family members to purchase child-resistant medication containers
child-proofing medications may decrease the risk for inadverlent ingestion
route is the most exact and predictable route through which to administer medications
intravenous
The IV route allows for the greatest titration and bioavailability of the medication. The other routes are less exact
A parent is learning to administer medication to a preschool aged child. Which of the following strategies would be most effective in achieving cooperation
providing age-appropriate explanations
Preschool-age children are beginning to understand complex concepts. Physical restraints is needed more with infants and toddlers, violent reactions are characteristic of toddlers, and contracts are best made with adolescents
An 8 month old child is discharged from the hospital with a plan of care to recieve intramuscular (IM) injections each day. The parents have been taught the procedure to administer the injections. The nurse would reinforce using which of the following sites for IM injections in an 8 month old child
Gluteal
The leg is the optimal site for injection until the children been walking well for 1 year and the gluteal muscle is well developed
An infant client is ordered to recieve a topical silver nitrate ointment to prevent infection after sustaining burns. The nurse must be vigilant for signs of silver toxicity primarily because
infants have thinner skin, allowing for greater absorption
The thinner the epidermis allows for greater absorption of topical medications, increasing the risk for toxicity
A client is to be discharged to home on an oral liquid suspension in the amount of 4 mL per dose. Which of the following would ensure the highest level of accuracy in home administration of the medication
using an oral syringe
The oral syringe provides the greatest accuracy in measuring medications
A child is diagnosed with an ear infection. The physician orders an oral antibiotic. Which of the following is true of the calculation of this medicine
The dose is calculated on body weight
Pediatric medication should be calculated on body weight or body surface area
Two major organs affecting drug clearance from the body that should be closely monitored when an older adult client is receiving multiple drugs are
liver and kidneys
These are the organs primarily responsible for medication metabolism and excretion
Hepatic blood flow in the older adult is decreased, thus possibly causing a decrease in drug clearance. This results in
decreased excretion of the drug
With a change in hepatic blood flow, there will be impaired drug metabolism. This leads to decrease excretion, increasing the risk for accumulation
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