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What are the main regions of the brain?
1. Forebrain
-- Cerebrum
-- Diencephalon
2. Cerebellum
3. Spinal Cord
4. Midbrain
5. Pons
6. Medulla oblongata
What regions of the brain form the brain stem?
1. Midbrain
2. Pons
3. Medulla oblongata
Label:
2. Midbrain
3. Pons
4. Medulla oblongata
5. Spinal cord
6. Hindbrain
What is the formation of the brain dependent on?
During development the brain forms from disproportionate growth and flexure of the 'neural tube'
What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?
1. Major relay centre
i) Reticular formation
ii) integration and filtering
2. Involuntary functions
i) vital reflexes (breathing)
ii) non vital reflexes
What are the functions of the cerebellum?
1. Coordination of movement and balance
i) integration of information from motor areas, eyes, ears etc.
What are the functions of the Diencephalon?
1. Contains the thalamus
i) relay area responsible for awareness and arousal.
2. Contains the hypothalamus which has an array of functions
Which region of the brain is the hypothalamus found in?
What are the roles of the hypothalamus?
In the Diencephalon
1. Homeostatic centre
i) regulates autonomic NS + endocrine system
--- Controls secretion of reproductive hormones by the pituitary gland
2. Neural centres controlling behavior are here
i) reward pathways
ii) thirst, hunger etc
3. Forms part of the limbic system
4. Circadian rhythm regulation
What is the limbic system responsible for?
1. Basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger etc)
2. Olfaction (smelling)
3. Memory (curated by the hippocampus)
What are the structural components of the limbic system?
1. Spinal cord
2. Hippocampus
3. Hypothalamus
4. Thalamus
5. Septal nuclei
6. Frontal lobe
7. Olfactory bulbs
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