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Early Management Ideas
Robert Owen (just know facts not name): One of the first managers to recognize the importance of human resources. He raised working age for children, reduced hours, and supplied meals.Charles Babbage (just know facts not name): Mathematically focused on efficiency of production. Believed in division of labor.
Classical Management Perspective
Consists of two branches – scientific management and administrative management.
Classical Management Perspective, Scientific Management, Administrative Management
Focuses on ways to improve the production of individual workers.
Focuses on managing the total organization.
1. Develop a science for each element of the job to replace old rule of thumb methods
2. Scientifically select employees and then train them to do the job as described in step one
3. Supervise employees to make sure they follow the described methods for performing their jobs
4. Continue to plan the work, but use workers to get the work done
Stemmed from the Hawthorne studies.
A basic assumption is that a manager’s concern for workers will lead to increased satisfaction and improved performance.
Human Relations Movement: Theory X
Human Relations Movement: Theory Y
A positive view of workers; it represents the assumptions that human relations advocates make.
Both X and Y Includes Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y.
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