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Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, (Cytokenisis)
PMAT
What happens during Interphase?
1. DNA content is doubled via DNA Replication
2. Increase in Protein Synthesis
3. Cell organelles are replicated.
Describe / Draw the shape of a chromosome during prophase
Two identical sister chromatids joined together by a centromere
What happens during Prophase?
Each Chromosome shortens and thickens.
The centrioles (Which make the spindles) move to opposite poles of the cell. (Only in animals)
The nuclear membrane breaks down.
What happens during Metaphase?
The centrioles (in animals) form spindles across the cell, consisting of protein microtubules.
Each chromosome moves to the equator of the cell and attaches to the spindle via its centromere.
Sister chromatids are oriented towards opposite poles of the cell
What happens during Anaphase?
The centromeres of the chromasomes split. Sister Chromatids separate.
Then the sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell by the spindle microtubules.
What happens during Telophase?
With the chromatids at the opposite poles of the cell, they begin to uncoil.
The nuclear membrane reforms around the genetic material. Forming two genetically identical nuclei.
What happens during cytokinesis?
After the nuclear division and there are two nuclei, the cytoplasm begins to split in two.
Two new cells form as the cell surface membrane splits.
Circular DNA,
Cytoplasm,
Cell Surface Membrane,
Cell Wall,
Smaller 70s Ribosomes
One or more flagella
One or more Plasmids
A capsule surrounding the cell wall. (Layer of slime)
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