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what are the 5 basic movement patterns
Bend-and-lift (squatting)
single-leg movements (lunges)
Pushing
Pulling
Rotational
Proximal ________promotes distal__________
Proximal stability promotes distal mobility
Lumbar spine- stability or mobility?
15 degrees of rotation, mostly stable
thoracic spine- stability or mobility?
Designed to be more mobile than the lumbar spine
scapulothoracic joint stability or mobility?
STABILITY. muscle attachments between scapulae and ribcage that provide solid platform for pushing and pulling at the glenohumeral joint
Protracted shoulders due to lengthened rhomboids... how to exercise?
not with full ROM since they demonstrate good strength in lengthened position and will carry movement through the weaker position. better to initially perform with either isometric contraction in good postural position or through a limited ROM.
How/why muscle shortening occurs
muscles can shorten in as little as 2-4 weeks when held in passively shortened positions without being stretched or used through full functional ROM (like sitting over a desk...) tonicity increases=lowered irritability threshold- muscles requires smaller impulse to activate
Maintenanceof neutral pelvic posture is achieved...
via opposing force couples between 4 major muscle groups that have attachments on the pelvis. Anteriorly: abs pull upward on inferior pelvis.
hip flexors (iliacus, psoas, quads) pull downward on superior pelvis.
Posteriorly: the hamstrings pull downward on the inferior pelvis and the erector spinae pull upward on the superior pelvis.
prime movers for shoulder adduction:
Abduction:
Adduction: lats, teres major
Abduction: deltoid
Hypertonic muscles decrease the neural drive to the opposing muscle via...
Reciprocal inhibition
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