In August 2008, in Brussels addressed the issue of the introduction of economic, trade and financial and banking sanctions against Russia in connection with the events in South Ossetia. … We may recall the recent "spy scandal ", when Moscow refused to hand over Edward Snowden to Washington. It was the time when United States have intensified calls for sanctions against Russia. …
Developments 2014 Ukraine became a catalyst for "resolute" actions of the West and the United States on the articulation and the introduction of economic sanctions against Russia. In connection with the Ukrainian crisis of the US and the EU imposed against Russia 3 package of sanctions, which provide the biggest limitation of access banks, as well as energy and defense sectors of the company to long-term Western credits. A ban on the cooperation of US and European companies to Russia in deepwater production projects, the Arctic, and shale oil, as well as an embargo on exports to the Russian technology for such projects, including equipment for horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Russia prohibited supplies of dual-use technologies that can be used in defense