ʻAbd ar-Rahman III: o After the Islamic conquest of Spain al-Andalus was created. ʻAbd ar-Rahman III was the first ruler of al-Andalus to claim to be the single authority in all the Islamic world, the first caliph, by declaring to be successor of the prophet Muhammad. Under his rule, al-Andalus became a very peaceful nation that made enormous economic expansion. One example of this is expansion is the Madinat al-Zahra. …show more content…
The time period of the Taifa Kingdoms has often been labeled as a time of decline due to the feuds between the different Berber kings and their attempts to gain and keep control of their regions. However, the same Berber kings, in an attempt to gain credibility as rulers, jumpstarted a time of cultural enrichment by commissioning different artwork, architecture, poetry, etc. One palace that survives from the Taifa period is the Aljafería