Naturally, PV display the following characteristics:
1. PV can also be used for the removal of certain components in equilibrium reactions.
2. Polymer membrane compaction, a frequent problem in high-pressure gas separation, is not encountered in pervaporation because the feed pressure is typically low.[8]
3. The permeate pressure has to be always lower than the saturation pressure of the permeant to achieve separation.[9]
4. Desorption of the component at the permeate side of the membrane. [10]
2.3 Operating Principles of distillation:
The basic principle of distillation is to bring a liquid into close contact with vapour so that the mass transfer between the two current phases can take place. The goal of each system to reach a state of equilibrium is based on the driving force for the mass transfer.[11]
When the vapour pressure matches the surrounding pressure that’s when a liquid begins to boil. The principle on which a liquid boils depends on its volatility. Liquids with high vapour pressures will boil at lower temperatures. Distillation is accomplished because of the differences in the volatility of the components in a liquid